被动语态的译法
一、译成汉语主动句
（一）、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语
The whole country was armed in a few days.
几天之内全国就武装起来了。
The sense of inferiority that he acquired in his youth has never been totally eradicated.
他在青少年时期留下的自卑感，还没有完全消除。
On their domestic stations events in the Middle East were dismissed briefly.
在他们国内电台的广播中，中东事件只是轻描淡写地报道了一下。
练习：
This liquid became mixed with the salt at room temperature.
这液体在室温下和盐混合了。
It should have been obvious that the plan would have to be scrapped.
本来就很明显，这项计划得取消。
Most of the questions have been settled satisfactory, only a few questions of secondary importance remain to be discussed.
大部分问题已经圆满地解决了，只剩下几个次要问题需要讨论。
（二）、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语
Mr. Billings cannot be deterred from his plan.
（人们）不能阻止比林斯先生实行他的计划。
It would be astonishing if that loss were not keenly felt.
如果（人们）不强烈地感到损失，那倒是奇怪了。
By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of over 200 Belgian and French lives.
大战终了时，这个组织拯救了800人，但那是以200多比利时人和法国人的生命为代价的。
The workers were seen repairing the machine.
有人看见工人们在修理机器。reported
A plan was needed to strike the enemy right where he lived.
必须有一个袭击敌人所在地的计划。
A large sum of money has been put aside for that purpose.
已经为那桩事儿拨了一大笔款项。
（三）、译成带表语的主动句
The crew were trained at Eglin Field, Fla.
（轰炸机）机组人员是在佛罗里达州艾格林空军基地训练的。
The decision to attack wasn’t taken lightly.
进攻的决定不是轻易做出的。
But the march couldn’t be stopped with bullets now.
但这时，游行已经不是子弹所能阻止的了。
Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky.
彩虹是阳光透过天空中的小水滴时形成的。
（四）、常用被动句型的翻译
1. 不加主语时
It is hoped that …  希望
It is reported that …  据报
It is said that …    据说
It is supposed that …  据推测
It may be said without fear of exaggeration that …   
可以毫不夸张地说
It must be admitted that …    必须承认
It must be pointed out that …    必须指出
It will be seen from this that …    由此可见
2. 可加主语的
It is asserted that …    有人主张
It is believed that …    有人相信（认为）…
It is generally considered that …    大家认为…
It is well known that …  大家知道… （众所周知…）
It was told that …  有人曾经说
二、译成汉语被动句
（一）、“被……”或“给……”
Any minute we would surely be spotted by enemy planes flying in and out of the airfield.
我们随时都会被出入机场的敌机发现。
But shortly afterwards, they heard that every single member of that first party had been captured by Spanish Frontier police and put into a concentration camp.
可是，不久以后他们听说，第一批的所有人都被西班牙的边防警察逮捕并关进集中营。
Hitler was also washed away by the storms of history.
希特勒已被历史的风暴冲掉了。
The general himself was promoted to Field-Marshal to spur him on to greater efforts.
将军本人被提升为元帅，以促使其作出更大的努力。
Part or all of the light may be reflected, absorbed or transmitted by the thing or object that comes into its way.
一部分的光或全部的光可能被挡住其去路的东西或物体所反射、吸收或透射。
（二）、“（遭）受……”
They were given a hearty welcome.
他们受到热烈欢迎。
He was policed by the bosses’ cops.
他受到老板雇佣的警察的监督。
Our foreign policy is supported by the people all over the world.
我们的对外政策受到全世界人民的支持。
I was seized with sadness as I thought of how the ancient city had been spared during the Second World War and now might be destroyed by an impending riot.
我想到了这座古城在第二次世界大战时得到幸免而现在却要遭到即将来临的的破坏，内心感到悲伤。
He was regarded as a Republican by everybody, even though he had always thought of himself as an “Independent”.
所有人都把他当作共和党人，尽管他一直认为自己是“无党派人士”。
（三）、“为……所”
I was so impressed by these words that I used them later for a Christmas card.
我为这些话所深深感动，后来我就把它们写在圣诞贺卡上。
Once the men had been accepted by the Comet organization, they were brought to Brussels.
士兵们一旦为彗星组织所接受，就被送到布鲁塞尔去。
三、译成“把”、“使”和“由”字句
The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire.
大火使这家著名旅馆几乎全部毁灭。
By evening the occupation was complete, and the people were chased off the streets by an eight o’clock curfew.
至傍晚，占领已告完成。八点钟开始的宵禁把人们从街道赶走。
Since the wingspan of the twin-engine bombers was too wide for the ship’s elevators, they couldn’t be stored below.
由于这种双引擎轰炸机翼展超过了升降机的宽度，所以不能把它们放在甲板下的机库内。

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