新概念英语第二册第85课
Lesson 85 Never too old to learn 活到老学到老
I have just received a letter from my old school, informing me that my former headmaster, Mr. Stuart Page, will be retiring next week. Pupils of the school, old and new, will be sending him a present to mark the occasion. All those who have contributed towards the gift will sign their names in a large album which will be sent to the headmaster's home. We shall all remember Mr. Page for his patience and understanding and for the kindly encouragemen the gave us when we went so unwillingly to school. A great many former pupils will be attending a farewell dinner in his honour next Thursday. It is a curious coincidence that the day before his retirement, Mr. Page will have been teaching for a total of forty years. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening. For him, this will be an entirely new hobby. But this does not matter, for, as he has often remarked, one is never too old to learn.
New words and expressions 生词和短语
inform v. 告诉,通知
headmaster n.校长
contribute v. 捐助,援助
gift n.礼物,赠品
album n.签名簿,相册
patience n.耐心
encouragement n. 鼓励
farewell n.告别
honour n.敬意
coincidence n.巧合
total n.总数
devote v. 致力于
gardening n.园艺
hobby n. 爱好,嗜好
参考译文
我刚刚收到母校的一封信,通知我说以前的校长斯图亚特.佩奇先生下星期就退休了。为了纪念这个日子,学校的学生——无论老同学还是新同学——将送他一件礼物。所有凑钱买此礼品的人都将自己的名字签在一本大签名簿上,签名簿将被送到校长的家里。我们不会忘记佩奇先生对我们既有耐心又充满理解,也不会忘记在我们不愿去上学时他给予我们的亲切鼓励。很多老同学都准备参加下星期四为他举行的告别宴会。佩奇先生退休的前一天正好是他执教满40年的日子,这真是奇妙的巧合。他退休后,将致力于园艺。对于他来说,这将是一种全新的爱好。但这没有关系,因为正如他常说的那样,人要活到老学到老。
react to后面加什么课文解释
1.I have just received a letter from my old school, informing me that my former headmaster, Mr. Stuart Page, will be retiring next week.我刚刚收到母校的一封信,通知我说以前的校长斯图亚特·佩奇先生下星期就要退休了。1)句中的receive a letter from…这个短语指的是“收到一封来自…的信”。
主句中还有一个词:old school。这个短语字面意思是“老的或旧的学校”,但在本句中表示的不是这个含义,而是指“母校”(这种用法多用作在英式英语中)。例如:
It's hard to keep track of all one's old school friends. 与中学时的所有老校友都保持联系是很困难的。I was out for a walk when I bumped into an old school friend.我散步时赶巧遇见个老同学。Of course, the old school tie has been a help.校友关系当然是帮了忙的。(the old school tie指“校友关系”)
另外,这个短语还可以用来指“坚持传统观念或习俗的一人”。例如:
a diplomat of the old school 一位守旧的外交官She's a woman of the old school, very hard to deal with.她是个守旧妇女,很难对付。
2)句中的现在分词短语informing…next week,在这里充当后置定语,修饰前面的a letter。此时,现在分词短语在功能上相当于一个定语从句,即:which informs me that…next week。不过在转换的时候,需要调整相应的关系代词和时态。
3)动词inform在这里表示“通知、告诉”的意思,可以接双宾语。常用的句型结构为inform sb. +that从句,或:inform sb. of/about sth.。关于这个词的详细用法介绍,大家可同时参看本课“重点词汇”中的相关内容。
will be retiring采用的是将来进行时。关于这种时态的功能和含义以及与一般将来时的区别,大家可回看Lesson 13中的相关语法内容。
2. Pupils of the school, old and new, will be sending him a present to mark the occasion.为了纪念这个日子,学校的学生——无论老同学还是新闻学——将送他一件礼物。1)句中的pupil意思是“学生”,多用来指小学生(在英式英语中指的是那些还没有上大学的学生。在美式英语中,还没有上大学的学生也可以用student)。例如: Eleanor was a reluctant, anxious pupil. 埃莉诺是个扭捏局促的小学生。Over a third of those now at secondary school in Wales attend schools with over 1,000 pupils.威尔士现在的初中生中有1/3以上的人
就读的学校学生总数超过1,000人。
另外,这个词还可以用来表示“弟子、门生”(指那些学习某项专门技术的人,比如:绘画、音乐等,年龄上不一定是孩子,也有可能是成年人)。例如:
After his education, Goldschmidt became apupil of the composer Franz Schreker.
学业结束后,戈尔德施米特成了作曲家弗朗兹·施雷克尔的学生。
pupil这个词还有个比较特殊的含义,就是指“眼睛的瞳孔”,是个可数名词。例如: The pupil on the right is dilated and does not react to light. 右瞳孔散大,对光反应消失。
2)句中的形容词短语old and new,书上把它解释为“pupils of the school的同位语”。这是一种误解。实际上,这个形容词短语在句中充当的是名词pupils的后置定语,而非同位语。
一般来说,形容词用作定语时要前置,但在某些特定的情况下需要后置。其中一种情况,就是当形容词是成对的形容词时,形容词短语要后置(正如书上随后的解释,即,“由并列连词连接的两个形容词作定语时,要放在所修饰的词的后面”)。例如:
Visitors, old and young, were delighted. 不管老少,所有的参观者都很高兴。 There was a huge cupboard, simple and beautiful. 有个大橱柜,简单而美观。
这种成对的形容词在用作后置定语时,通常用逗号把它与句子的其他成分隔开,并且去掉它对句子的意义影响不大。有时这种两个连用的形容词(或分词)相当于状语(这时它可以位于句子中间,也可以位于句首)。例如:
The workers, thirsty and tired, took a rest under the trees.
工人们又渴又累,在树底下休息了一会儿。(thirsty and tired可以换到句首,相当于状语)
The villagers here, young and old, are interested in gardening.
这里的村民们,无论年轻的还是年长的,都对园艺感兴趣。
关于同位语,这里顺便再给大家解释一下。当句子中两个成分处于同等位置,而其中一个是用来说明或解释另一个成分的,那么起解释或说明作用的就被称为是前者的同位语。这两个句子成分多由名词或代词担任,且同位语通常放在其所说明的名词或代词的后面。例如课文
第一句话中的…my former headmaster, Mr. Stuart Page, will be…这个Mr. Stuart Page就是headmaster的同位语。
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