专题09 动词的时态
距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!
养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候,学生要尽快到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
1.(2022新高考I卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _________  (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
1. were
【解析】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
2.(2022新高考II卷)Henry _________  (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
2.考查动词
【解析】
句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
3.(2022新高考II卷)He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
3. threw
【解析】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填threw。
4.(2022全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao _________  (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
4. has walked
【解析】
考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
5.(2022全国乙卷)The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society _________  (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a shared future for mankind,” he said.
5. addressed
【解析】
考查时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填addressed。
6.(2022北京卷)Eventually, the man _________  (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
6. caught
【解析】
考查动词时态。句意:最终,那个男人追上了她,他只是想把她的钱包还给她!结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填caught。
7.(2022北京卷)This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally _________  (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
7. has
【解析】
考查主谓一致。句意:气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语,本句话是在陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时态,且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称,为不可数名词,所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。
8.(2022北京卷)The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
8. has increased
【解析】
考查现在完成时。句意:自从2019年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019,可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义,助动词用has。故填has increased。
9.(2022浙江1月卷)But Cobb and others _________  (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
9. are
【解析】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知,此处也应使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。
10.(2022浙江1月卷)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________  (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
10. have promised
【解析】
考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have promised。
11.(2021新高考I卷)What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
11. was
react to后面加什么【解析】
考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it,时间状语是then,所以用was。
12.(2021新高考II卷)I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
12. was
【解析】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中,谓语动词用单数,所以填was。
13.(2021全国甲卷)We _________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job.
13. hired
【解析】
考查动词时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上下文可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。

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