April 25th
This is a download from BBC Learning English. To find out more, visit our website. 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. com.
本文来自BBC Learning English。如需获得更多内容请访问我们的网站。BBC Learning English. com 英语六分钟节目。
Neil: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English, the programme where we explore an interesting topic and bring you six bits of useful vocabulary. I'm Neil.
欢迎收听BBC英语六分钟。本节目我们将探讨一个有趣的话题并学习6个实用的单词。我是尼尔。
Rob: And I'm Rob. Today we're talking about first impressions – and how they're often wrong.
我是罗伯。今天我们谈论的是第一印象——为什么第一印象常常是错误的。
Neil: So let's start with the term first impression – it's the idea or opinion that you have about someone after meeting them for only a short time.
那么我们先从第一印象这个单词开始——你见到一个人时，短时间内对他形成的观点或看法。
Rob: It's very natural to make a quick judgement about someone based on their appearance or facial expression.
根据一个人的外貌或面部表情就迅速对其作出评价，这是很自然的。
Neil: We're going to be hearing about the research of Professor Alexander Todorov from Princeton University in the US. First, a question: how long does he say it takes to form an impression about someone's face? Is it  a) under one second b) one second c) six seconds
我们稍后看看美国普林斯顿大学的亚历山大·托多洛夫教授的研究。先来看一个问题：第一印象的形成需要多长时间？A不到一秒，B一秒，C六秒
Rob: I'll go for b) one second.
我选B一秒。
Neil: Well, we'll find out if you're right or not later on the programme.react to啥意思
好的，在节目最后，我们再看你的回答是否正确。
Rob: So – Alexander Todorov has been researching our impressions. His tests asked people to decide whether they thought faces were dominant, competent, trustworthy or extroverted.
那么——亚历山大·托多洛夫教授一直在研究我们的印象。在实验中，他要求人们根据一个人的面孔来判断这个人是强势的、可以胜任的、值得信赖的还是外向的。
Neil: Let's just look at those words for a second. Dominant means being strongest or most important. Competent means being able to do things.
我们先来看看这些词：Dominant意思是最强的、占主导地位的。Competent意思是能够胜任
某些事情。
Rob: While if you're trustworthy it means people trust you – you are worth their trust. And being extroverted means you are energetic and enjoy spending time with others.
如果说你值得信赖，是说人们相信你——你值得他们信赖。而extroverted是说你精力充沛，乐意与他人交往。
Neil: So what did he find out? Faces that look happy and feminine – like a woman - were rated as more trustworthy.
他的研究结果是什么呢？例如女性这种看起来开心、柔和的面孔会更值得信赖。
Rob: While faces that were more masculine – like a man – were seen as more dominant.
例如男性这种比较阳刚的面孔则被视为更强势。
Neil: Wider faces with big eyes were seen as more extroverted.
脸庞较宽且眼睛比较大的人被认为是比较外向的。
Rob: Now the important thing that Todorov says is that these judgements aren't accurate. Someone who looks competent isn't necessarily competent!
托多洛夫说，重要的是，这些判断并不准确。有些人看起来很有能力，但其实并没有什么才能。
Neil: So, what does this mean in practice? Here's Professor Todorov:
这在实际情况中意味着什么呢？来听听托多洛夫教授是怎么说的：
Trustworthiness, dominance and attractiveness are the three big things that we form impressions of people. But interestingly we have done some work predicting the electoral success of politicians, and the judgement that is most predictive of who is going to win the election is perceived competence. And this is not random at all, bec
ause if you ask voters what is the most important attribute of a politician, competence is the one on the top.
可信度、主导性、以及吸引力是我们形成第一印象的三个重要因素。但有趣的是，我们对几名参加总统竞选的政要做了预测。人们所感觉到的参选者的能力最有预测力。这并不是臆测，因为如果你问选民政客最重要的特点时，能力肯定排在首位。
Neil: OK, so this is actually quite significant. People say that the most important attribute – or quality – for a politician is competence – the ability to do things.
那这个还挺重要。人们认为一个政客最重要的特点或品质是能力，也就是做事情的能力。
Rob: That sounds fair enough. But because we make judgements based on appearance – this can actually affect how people vote.
听起来很有道理。但是由于我们是基于外貌进行判断的，这确实能对选民产生影响。
Neil: If voters believe – or perceive someone to be competent – they're more likely to vote for him or her.
如果选民们认为某人有能力，他们就更可能倾向于投他一票。
Rob: He says this applies especially to people who are less educated about politics – they are more likely to be influenced by appearance.
他说这个结论适用于那些不太了解政治的人们——他们更容易受外貌的影响。
Neil: He says this applies to around 25% of voters – so the number of people who go with their gut is large enough to influence the outcomes of elections!
他表示，大约25%的选民都是这样的——凭直觉来投票的选民非常多，以至于影响到了选举结果！
Rob: Wow. To go with your gut. That means to make a decision which isn't based on rational thought – it's based on instinct, on a feeling, on your gut.

版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。