博士研究生考试考博英语模拟题2020年(79)
(总分150,考试时间150分钟)
Structure and Vocabulary
1. 1.The mayor was asked to______his speech in order to allow his audience to raise questions.
A. constrain
B. conduct
C. condense
D. converge
2. 2.The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increased ______, a wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.
A. circulation
B. reproduction
C. manipulation
D. penetration
3. 3.If I had a car of my own, I______it to your sister yesterday.
A. will lend
B. would lend
C. should lend
D. would have lent
4. 4.The newcomers found it impossible to______themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.reaction to a book or an article
A. suit
B. adapt
C. regulate
D. coordinate
5. 5.It's a program designed to______mainly to 16 to 25 year olds.
A. include
B. appreciate
C. appeal
D. conduct
6. 6.The actress lives in a very fashionable______of town.
A. position
B. component
C. quarter
D. zone
7. 7.The store displayed its most______products in the front window.
A. model
B. present
C. distinctive
D. favorite
8. 8.Bob fails to attend the evening school. He______sick, because he never asks for leave.
A. may be
B. can be
C. must be
D. is
9. 9.______that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.
A. For        B. Now
C. Since        D. Despite
10. 10.Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his______to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.
A. comment
B. reaction
C. impression
D. comprehension
11. 11.Although the accident did very little______to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time.
A. demolishment
B. ruin
C. destruction
D. damage
12. 12.We had to______a lot of noise when the children were at home.
A. go in for
B. hold on to
C. put up with
D. keep pace with
13. 13.Criticism and self-criticism are necessary______they help us to find and correct our mistakes.
A. by that
B. at that
C. on that
D. in that
14. 14.However, at times this balance in nature is______, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.
A. troubled
B. disturbed
C. confused
D. puzzled
15. 15.He offered to______her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.
A. help        B. show
C. lend        D. borrow
16. 16.The patient's health failed to such an extent that he was put into______ care.
A. tense
B. rigid
C. intensive
D. tight
17. 17.A person's calorie requirements vary______his life.
A. across
B. throughout
C. over
D. within
18. 18.Generous public funding of basic science would______considerable benefits for the country's health, wealth and security.
A. lead to
B. result from
C. lie in
D. settle down
19. 19.In a time of social reform, people's state of mind tends to keep______with the rapid
changes of society.
A. step
B. progress
C. pace
D. touch
20. 20.Harry was______by a bee when he was collecting the honey.
A. stung
B. stuck
C. bitten
D. scratched
Cloze
    In the past few decades, remarkable findings have been made in ethology, the study of animal social behavior. Earlier scientists had【C1】______that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics. Much more careful observation has shown that【C2】______variation occurs among the social ties of most species, showing that learning is a part of social life. That is, the【C3】______are not solely fixed by the genes.【C4】______, the learning that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly【C5】______instinctive, but it is not quite like the learning of humans; it is something in between the two. An illustration best【C6】______the nature of imprinting. Once, biologists thought that ducklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that, shortly【C7】______they hatch, ducklings fix【C8】______any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are【C9】______for the mother duck at the time when imprinting occurs. Thus, social ties can be considerably【C10】______, even ones that have a considerable base【C11】______by genetics.
    Even among the social insects something like imprinting【C12】______influence social
behavior. For example, biologists once thought **municated with others purely 【C13】______instinct. But, in examining a "dance" that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source, observers found that bees raised in isolation could **municate effectively. At a higher level, the genetic base seems to be much more for an all-purpose learning rather than the more specific responses of imprinting. Chimpanzees, for instance, generally【C14】______very good mother but Jane Goodall reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or【C15】______fail to nurture the young.
21. 21.【C1】
A. assumed
B. adopted
C. believed
D. surmised
22. 22.【C2】
A. considerate
B. considered
C. considerable
D. considering
23. 23.【C3】

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