unit 4 单词讲义
gene (名词)
中文意思:基因
英文释义:a unit of heredity passed from parents to offspring
词源:来自希腊语的 "genos",意为 "出生" 或 "起源"
例句:The scientists have identified a gene that causes the disease.
固定搭配:genetic code, genetic engineering, genetic disorder
近义词:allele, locus, genotype
delete (动词)
中文意思:删除
英文释义:to remove or eliminate something completely
词源:来自拉丁语的 "deletus",意为 "被删除的"
例句:I accidentally deleted my important file.
固定搭配:delete button, delete key, delete operation
近义词:erase, remove, eliminate
disabled (形容词)
中文意思:残疾的,有缺陷的
英文释义:unable to use one's body properly because of illness or injury
词源:来自英语的 "disable",意为 "使无能"
例句:He is disabled and uses a wheelchair to get around.
固定搭配:disabled access, disabled parking, disabled person
近义词:handicapped, impaired, incapacitated
dismiss (动词)
中文意思:解雇,开除;不接受,驳回
英文释义:to officially tell someone they no longer have a job; to refuse to consider or accept something
词源:来自拉丁语的 "dismissus",意为 "被解雇的"
例句:The boss dismissed him for being late again.
固定搭配:dismissal notice, dismissal hearing, dismissal letter
近义词:fire, expel, reject
gender (名词)
中文意思:性别,性
英文释义:the classification of people as male or female
词源:来自拉丁语的 "genus",意为 "种类" 或 "类型"
例句:Gender equality is an important issue in our society.
固定搭配:gender discrimination, gender roles, gender identity
近义词:sex, sexuality, masculinity/femininity
racial
词性:形容词
中文意思:种族的,人种的
英文释义:relating to or characteristic of a particular race
词源:来自拉丁语"racialis",意为"属于同一种族的"
例句:Racial discrimination is against the law in many countries.
固定搭配:racial profiling(种族定性)
近义词:ethnic, tribal
discrimination
词性:名词
reaction英语中文意思:歧视,区别对待
英文释义:the unjust or prejudiced treatment of different categories of people or things regarded as unequal
词源:来自拉丁语"discriminare",意为"区分,辨别"
例句:Discrimination based on race, gender, or sexual orientation is wrong.
固定搭配:discrimination against(对...的歧视)
近义词:prejudice, bias
evolution
词性:名词
中文意思:进化,演变
英文释义:the process by which different forms of life develop over a long period of time
词源:来自拉丁语"evolutio",意为"发展,进展"
例句:The theory of evolution explains how species change over time.
固定搭配:evolutionary biology(进化生物学)
近义词:development, progress
discipline
词性:名词/动词
中文意思:纪律,学科
英文释义:n. a branch of knowledge or teaching; sth that one has to learn or follow; sth that trains character n. v. to train or educate someone to behave well and follow rules
词源:来自拉丁语"disciplina",意为"训练,教育"
例句:He needs to learn discipline if he wants to succeed.(他如果想成功,就需要学习纪律。)
固定搭配:self-discipline(自我纪律)
近义词:training, education, rule, regulation
biology
词性:名词
中文意思:生物学
英文释义:the study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment
词源:来自希腊语"bios"(生命)和"logos"(学科),意为生命的学科
例句:She is studying biology at university.(她在大学里学习生物学。)
vivid
词性:形容词
中文意思:生动的,鲜明的
英文释义:having a strong, clear, intense effect on the senses or the imagination; bright and lively
词源:来自拉丁语"vividus",意为"生命的,有生命的"
例句:The vivid colors of the sunset filled the sky.
固定搭配:vivid dream(生动的梦),vivid memory(鲜明的记忆)
近义词:bright, lively, striking, colorful
chemical
词性:形容词
中文意思:化学的
英文释义:relating to chemistry; produced by or involving a chemical reaction
词源:来自中古英语"chymical",意为"炼金术的"
例句:The chemical reaction caused a loud explosion.
固定搭配:chemical reaction(化学反应),chemical element(化学元素)
近义词:analytical, laboratory, pharmaceutical
cell
词性:名词
中文意思:细胞
英文释义:the basic unit of life in living organisms; a room or compartment in a building
词源:来自拉丁语"cella",意为"小房间"
例句:The human body is made up of millions of cells.
固定搭配:cell phone(手机),cell wall(细胞壁)
近义词:organelle, tissue, organism
detect
词性:动词
中文意思:发现,察觉
英文释义:to notice or find something that is not obvious or hidden
词源:来自拉丁语"detectus",意为"被揭露的"
例句:The police were able to detect the presence of drugs in the room.
固定搭配:detect crime(侦破犯罪),detect fraud(发现欺诈)
近义词:discover, spot, uncover
infection
词性:名词
中文意思:感染,传染
英文释义:an invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in the body of a host organism causing disease
词源:来自中古英语"infeccioun",意为"传染,影响"
例句:The doctor said she had an infection and needed antibiotics.
固定搭配:infection control(感染控制),infectious disease(传染病)
近义词:contagion, contamination, disease
botanical
词性:形容词
中文意思:植物的,草本的
英文释义:of or relating to plants
词源:来自拉丁语"botanicus",意为"植物的"
例句:The botanical garden has a wide variety of plants from all over the world.
固定搭配:botanical garden(植物园)
近义词:floral, herbaceous
interference

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