翻译句子
1.the dimensions of a main powerhouse refer to its length,width and height.
主厂房的尺寸包括长宽高
2.Besides the water passageways and electric system,oil system,water supply system,drainage system,air system,and facilities for lighting,ventilating,heating or air-conditioning,fire-protecting and so on are provided in order to ensure the erection,maintenance and normal operation of the powerhouse.
除了引水系统和电气系统，还提供油系统，供水系统、气系统、照明、通风、制热制冷系统、消防等，用来确保厂房的安装、维护和正常运行。
3.Two types of oil are used in a power plant,motor oil and insulaing oil.
电厂使用两种油：汽轮机油和绝缘油reaction in the shaft
4.A power plant complex usually consists of four parts:the main powerhouse,the auxiliary pla
nt,the transforms yard,and the switch station.
发电厂一般由四部分组成：主厂房、辅助厂房、变压器室和开关站。
5.Distributor assemblies consisting of spiral cases,head cover,bottom ring,and wicket gate are used to control the amount and direction of the water entering into the rotating turbine.
导水机构安装由蜗壳、顶盖、底环和用来控制进入旋转转轮中水的流量和流向的活动导叶组成。
6.After the adjustment to the reservoir,navigation conditions both upstream and downstream on the Yangtze River will have been greatly improved in those seasons when water levels have been low.
对水库调整后，长江上下游枯水季航运条件会得到较大改善。
7.hydroplants may be classified on the basis of hydraulic characteristics as follow:run-off river plants,storage plants,pumped storage plants tidal plants.
根据水利特性把水力发电站分为下列几种：径流式电站、蓄水式电站、抽水蓄能式电站，潮汐电站。
8.during peak hours,the water flows from the reservoir to the turbine and electricity is generated.during off-peak hours,the excess power is available from other plant,and is utilized for pumping water from the tail pool to the head pool,this minor plant thus supplements the power of another major plant.in such a scheme,the same water is utilized again and again and no water is wasted.
在峰荷期间，水从水库流入水轮机而产生电能。在非峰荷期间，利用其他电站的剩余电能，从尾水池抽水到前池，因而这个较小的电站能为另一个较大的电站补充电能。在这样的系统中，同样的水量被一次又一次的重复利用，而没有被浪费。
9.although the energy delivered to impulse turbine is all kinetic,while the reaction turbine utilizes pressure energy as well as kinetic energy,the action of both turbine depends on a change in the momentum of the water so that dynamic force is exerted on the rotaing element,or runner.
虽然传输到冲击式水轮机的能量都是动能，而反击式水轮机利用的能力是压能和动能，但是这两种类型的水轮机能力都是靠水的动量变化的动力作用于旋转的转子产生的。
10.the water being under pressure,the entire flow from head race to tail race takes place in a closed conduit system and the atmospheric air has no access at any point.
水在水头压力作用下，在饮水管到尾水管形成的水流处于一个完全封闭的管路系统，连一丝空气也无法跑出。
11.the basic components of generators as used with hydraulic turbines are supporting frame,shaft that transmits the rotating motion of the turbine,exciter,assembly of the built-up rotor,rotor poles,collector rings and brushes or soild-state rectifiers,stator and its component coils supports,air cooler,trust bearing for vertical shaft machines,brake.
水轮发电机的基本组成是：上支架、发电机轴、励磁机、转子支架、转子磁极、集电环和碳刷或者固态整流器、定子线圈、定子线圈支架、空气冷却器、推力轴承、制动器。
12.powerhouses may be divided into three types on the basis of constructional characters:
diversion powerhouse,powerhouse at the toe of the dam,block type powerhouse in the river channel.
根据基本结构特性厂房可以被分为三种类型：引水式、坝后式、河床式。
13.the main components of hydropower plant are:the dam,the water-conduit system,the powerhouse,the tail-water system,the switchyard and transmissons lines.
水电站主要组成有：大坝，引水系统，厂房，尾水系统，开关站和输电线路。
14.hydraulic turbines are machines which convert water energy into mechanical energy.
水轮机是将水能转化成机械能的机器。
15.a distribution reservoir is a small storage reservoir constructed within a city water supply system.such a reservoir can be filled by pumping water at a certain rate and can be used to supply water even at rates higher than the inflow rate during periods of maximum demands(called critical periods of demand).such reservoirs are,therefore,helpful in permitti
ng the pumps or water treatment plants to work at a uniform rate,and they store water during the hours of no demand or less demand and supply water from their“storage”during the critical periods of maximum demand.
配水水库是小型蓄水水库，建在城市供水系统内。这样的水库按一定的流量用抽水方式注满，在需水量最大的时期，它的供水量甚至大于水库的入流量。因此，这样的水库可以使水泵或水处理厂以均匀的流量进行工作，在不用或很少用水的时期，配水水库就蓄存水量：在最大蓄水临界期，它就从“仓库”里供水。
16.a dam must be relatively impervious to water and capable of resisting the forces acting on it.the most important of these forces are gravity,hydrostatic pressure,uplift,ice pressure,and earthquake forces.these forces are transmitted to the foundation and abutments of the dam,which react against the dam with an equal and opposite forces,the foundation reaction,the effect of hydrostatic pressure caused by sediment deposits in the reservoir and of dynamic forces by water flowing over the dam may require consideration in special cases.
坝必须是相对不透水的，并能经受的住作用在上面的各种力。这些作用中最重要的是重力、静水压力、扬压力、冰压力及地震力。这些力传给坝基和坝座，而坝基对坝体产生一个大小相等方向相反的基础反力。某些特殊情况下还要考虑水库中沉积引起的静水压力的影响以及坝顶溢流所产生的动力作用。

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