整体结合式级联型液化流程英文
    Integrated Combined Cascade Liquefaction Process.
    The integrated combined cascade liquefaction process (ICCLP) is a novel and efficient technology for the conversion of coal and other carbonaceous feedstocks into clean and valuable liquid fuels. The process combines the advantages of two well-established liquefaction technologies: the direct liquefaction process and the indirect liquefaction process.
    Direct liquefaction is a one-step process in which coal is directly converted into liquid fuels in the presence of a hydrogen donor solvent. The hydrogen donor solvent donates hydrogen to the coal, which helps to break down the coal's complex structure and convert it into smaller, more volatile molecules. The direct liquefaction process is typically carried out at high temperatures (400-500°C) and pressures (10-20 MPa).
    Indirect liquefaction is a two-step process in which coal is first gasified to produce a synthereactor then
sis gas (syngas). The syngas is then converted into liquid fuels through a catalytic process. The indirect liquefaction process is typically carried out at lower temperatures (200-300°C) and pressures (1-5 MPa).
    The ICCLP combines the advantages of both the direct and indirect liquefaction processes. The first step of the ICCLP is direct liquefaction, which converts the coal into a heavy liquid product. The heavy liquid product is then hydrocracked in the second step of the process, which breaks down the heavy liquid product into lighter, more valuable liquid fuels. The hydrocracking step is carried out in the presence of a hydrogen donor solvent, which helps to prevent the formation of coke and other undesirable products.
    The ICCLP has several advantages over both the direct and indirect liquefaction processes. First, the ICCLP produces a higher yield of liquid fuels than either the direct or indirect liquefaction processes. Second, the ICCLP produces a higher quality of liquid fuels than the direct liquefaction process. Third, the ICCLP is more energy-efficient than the indirect liquefaction process.
    The ICCLP is a promising technology for the conversion of coal and other carbonaceous feedstocks into clean and valuable liquid fuels. The process has the potential to reduce the dependence on foreign oil and to provide a more sustainable source of energy.
    Process Description.
    The ICCLP is a continuous process that can be divided into four main steps:
    1. Coal preparation.
    2. Direct liquefaction.
    3. Hydrocracking.
    4. Product separation.
    Coal preparation.
    The first step in the ICCLP is coal preparation. The coal is crushed and pulverized to a fi
ne powder. The coal powder is then mixed with a solvent to form a slurry. The slurry is then fed to the direct liquefaction reactor.
    Direct liquefaction.
    The direct liquefaction reactor is a high-pressure, high-temperature vessel. The slurry is heated to a temperature of 400-500°C and a pressure of 10-20 MPa. The hydrogen donor solvent donates hydrogen to the coal, which helps to break down the coal's complex structure and convert it into smaller, more volatile molecules. The direct liquefaction process typically takes several hours to complete.
    Hydrocracking.
    The heavy liquid product from the direct liquefaction reactor is then fed to the hydrocracking reactor. The hydrocracking reactor is a high-pressure, high-temperature vessel. The heavy liquid product is heated to a temperature of 200-300°C and a pressure of 1-5 MPa. The hydrogen donor solvent donates hydrogen to the heavy liquid product, whi
ch helps to break down the heavy liquid product into lighter, more valuable liquid fuels. The hydrocracking process typically takes several hours to complete.
    Product separation.
    The liquid product from the hydrocracking reactor is then sent to a product separation unit. The product separation unit separates the liquid product into different fractions, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, and jet fuel. The fractions are then sent to storage or further processing.
    Advantages of the ICCLP.
    The ICCLP has several advantages over both the direct and indirect liquefaction processes.
    Higher yield of liquid fuels: The ICCLP produces a higher yield of liquid fuels than either the direct or indirect liquefaction processes. This is because the ICCLP combines the advantages of both the direct and indirect liquefaction processes. The direct liquefaction pr
ocess produces a high yield of heavy liquid products, while the indirect liquefaction process produces a high yield of light liquid products. The ICCLP combines the advantages of both processes to produce a high yield of both heavy and light liquid products.

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