人教版八年级英语上册Unit1知识点讲解
Where did you go on vacation?
Section A Page 1
短语
sort of look atme什么意思1. 去度假 go on vacation      2. 去山区 go to the mountains    3. 呆在家里stay at home
4. 去夏令营 go to summer camp    5. 去海滩 go to the beach.
语法:
1.一般现在时态和一般过去时态
He _______ (read) English every day. But he _________ (watch) TV yesterday.
如果要表达“现在某人的行为习惯,即某人经常做某事”,要用一般现在时态。如果主语是单数第三人称,动词要用单三形式(一般情况加s)。如果要表达某人过去做过某事,要用一般过
去时态,动词要用它的过去式。动词的过去式变化规则有:
①一般情况在动词末尾加______ 如:visit ---________; look ---________;stay---- _______
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词后加_____, 如:decide---_________; taste----_______
③在重读音节中,只有____ 个元音字母,并且后紧跟____ 个辅音字母结尾,应该_______ 这个辅音字母再加________. 如:stop---- _________; plan---- __________.
④以辅音字母+y结尾, 应改___ 为___, 再加____. 如:study---- __  ___;  cry--- ______.
⑤有的动词不按上面的4种规律变化,是没有规律的,我们称为不规则动词,只有死记。好在他们不多。收录在课本142面。
如:am/ is --- _____; are---______; come---_______; get----_______; do----______; go---- _______; have/ has ----_______; make---_______;
助动词的用法
①______ he ______ (read) English every day ?  ---No,he _______ (not read)English every day.
② _______ he ________ (watch)TV last night ?--- No, he ________(not watch) TV last night.
我们发现对动词提问或否定,应该用助动词do/does(用于一般现在时态)和did(用于一般过去时态). 并且助动词后接动词原形。
Section A Page 2
1.短语
study for a test 复习备考, go out with sb. 和某人一起外出,be on vacation 在度假,
go on vacation 去度假, somewhere interesting 有趣的地方, something special 特别的事
2.句子
Long time no see. 好久不见 
I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax 我只是大多数时间呆在家里读书和休闲(to 在此表目的,为了。)
3.不定代词
不定代词由some,no, any, every 与body(人),one(人), thing (事物),where(地方)构成,如somebody(某人),nobody(没人),anybody(任何人),everybody(每个人)
someone(某人),no one(没有一个人),anyone(任何人),everyone(每个人)
something(某事物),nothing (没什么事物),anything (任何事物),everything(一切)
somewhere(某地),nowhere(无处),anywhere (任何地方),everywhere(到处)
①不定代词作主语时,视为单数第三人称,谓语动词用单三形式。如:
Everybody ________ English. (like)
②some构成的不定代词常用于肯定句中,any构成的不定代词多用于否定句和疑问句中,如:I went somewhere interesting. (改为一般疑问句) _______ you go _________ interesting ?
但表请求建议并希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句还是用some及some构成的不定代词。如:Would you like __________ to eat ? ---- Could you give me _______ to drink?
③形容词修饰不定代词时,常放不定代词后,与我们汉语习惯相反。如:
something new 新的东西; ________________ 有趣的地方, _______________ 特别的东西
4.a few , few;  a little, little 的区别:
a few 和few 后都接复数可数名词,a little 和little 后都接不可数名词。a few和 a little意为“有一些”,表肯定;few和little意为“几乎没有”,表否定。
题:① She has         friends, but he has       good friends.
② We must go shopping, there is _______ meat in the fridge.
【注意】quite a few 不是表示很少,而是表示很多,后接可数名词复数,相当于quite a lot of
5.most 和most of的用法:
most 可以作形容词,表大多数的,可以直接修饰名词。但most of 表“…中的大多数”,不能直接接名词,需接一个限定词再接名词。即:①most +不可数名词/可数名词复数。  ②most of +the/ my/his等+不可数名词/可数名词复数。③most of +人称代词,如:most of us。它们作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于most后的名词单复数
题: _________ students ______ (like)English. 
___________ his money _______ ( be ) lost.
Section A Page 3
1.反身代词
反身代词表“某人自己”,教学中用oneself表示。你能写出下列代词对应的反身代词吗?
① I (我)_______    ② you (你)____________
③ he (他)__________  ④ she (她)____________  ⑤ it (它)____________
⑥ we (我们)__________ ⑦you (你们)__________  ⑧ they (他们)___________
我发现的规律有:表单数的反身代词以________ 结尾;表复数的反身代词以______结尾。
常考的反身代词短语有:enjoy oneself 过得愉快;help oneself to sth. 请随便吃喝某东西
teach oneself sth. 自学某事物
题: Jack, help ________ to the cake.  ---- Thank you !
  Children, did you enjoy ____________ at the party ?
  He teaches _________ English at home.
2. buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 (buy ---bought )
  I bought a book for her. = I bought her a book.
3. 问他人对某事物的看法时,常用这样的句型:How is/ was/ were… ? = What is …like ?
  The people were friendly there. (对划线部分提问) _______________________________
4. have a good time玩得开心,过得愉快 = have fun = enjoy oneself
have fun doing sth. 在做某事中过的很愉快 I have fun       English. (learn)
5. 系动词
taste 表“尝起来”,是一个系动词,常见的系动词有:be是;keep/stay保持;turn/get/become 变;look看起来, smell闻起来, sound听起来, taste尝起来, feel觉得。他们后常接形容词作表语,用来描述主语的性质、状态等。
题:①It’s important to keep       . (A.health  B. healthy  C. healthily )
②What song is he singing ? It         beautiful. 
A. tastes  B. looks  C. smells    D. sounds
6. seem表“似乎,好像”,构成的句型有:Sb. seem to do sth. = It seems that sb. do sth. 某人似乎要去做某事。She seems to like you. = It seems that she likes you.
7. feed sth. to sb.= feed sb on sth. 用某物喂某人(feed—fed 喂),如:feed tigers on meat.
8. There was nothing much to do but read. 除了读书再也无事可做。
  but还可以表“除了”,常与nothing、nobody等表否定的不定代词连用,如:
There is nobody but Jim in the room. 在房间里除了Jim再也没有别人了。
9. on one’s vacation 在某人度假期间;go shopping 去购物; keep a diary 坚持写日记

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