Unit3 课文难点分析
1. On the afternoon I arrived at the station, as I was sorting out my accommodation, I heard a huge noise coming from the bay. 一天下午我来到工作站，正在整理床铺的时候，听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。
1) on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night；但若指具体某一天的上述时段时，则一律用on。
如：
on Monday在星期一 on May 1st在五月一日
There will be a wedding on the morning of May 3. 在五月三日上午会举行一场婚礼。
I heard a shot on the morning of March 18.三月十八日早晨我听到一声响。
On my arrival home，I found he had gone already．当我到家时，我发现他已经走了。
☆ 当early，late用于句首修饰介词短语时，尽管表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上，都要用in。
Early in the morning of Teachers’ Day, I sent flowers to my teacher.
教师节一清早，我便送给我的老师一些鲜花。
1) on表示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午”。泛指上、下午、晚上、夜间时用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night；但若指具体某一天的上述时段时，则一律用on。
如：
on Monday在星期一 on May 1st在五月一日
There will be a wedding on the morning of May 3. 在五月三日上午会举行一场婚礼。
I heard a shot on the morning of March 18.三月十八日早晨我听到一声响。
On my arrival home，I found he had gone already．当我到家时，我发现他已经走了。
☆ 当early，late用于句首修饰介词短语时，尽管表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上，都要用in。
Early in the morning of Teachers’ Day, I sent flowers to my teacher.
教师节一清早，我便送给我的老师一些鲜花。
☆ 当 morning，afternoon，evening有前位定语或后置定语限定时，就不用in而用on。
on a cold (winter) noon 在一个寒冷（冬天）的中午
on Monday morning 在星期一上午
on the morning of March 3rd 在3月3日上午
2）sort 有动词和名词两种词性，在本句中用作动词，意思是：“把……分类；挑选，区分；整理”。sort常与out, over连用。
They sort apples by grade. 他们把苹果按等级分类。
The girl sorted out the foreign stamps from the Chinese ones. 女孩把外国邮票和中国邮票分开。
Sort out these papers and fasten them together with a clip, please.
请把这些文件整理一下，用夹子夹在一起。
☆ 作为名词的意思是：“种类，类型；性质，性格”
What sort of music do you like? 你喜欢哪种音乐？
He’s not a bad sort really. 他其实并不坏。
She’s a happy-go-lucky sort. 她是个乐天派。
on a cold (winter) noon 在一个寒冷（冬天）的中午
on Monday morning 在星期一上午
on the morning of March 3rd 在3月3日上午
2）sort 有动词和名词两种词性，在本句中用作动词，意思是：“把……分类；挑选，区分；整理”。sort常与out, over连用。
They sort apples by grade. 他们把苹果按等级分类。
The girl sorted out the foreign stamps from the Chinese ones. 女孩把外国邮票和中国邮票分开。
Sort out these papers and fasten them together with a clip, please.
请把这些文件整理一下，用夹子夹在一起。
☆ 作为名词的意思是：“种类，类型；性质，性格”
What sort of music do you like? 你喜欢哪种音乐？
He’s not a bad sort really. 他其实并不坏。
She’s a happy-go-lucky sort. 她是个乐天派。
☆ sort, kind, type表示“种类”
sort比kind更口语化，它偶尔也指客观存在的“种类”，但更多地带有主观判断的彩。此外，它还常常用来表示轻蔑、贬义的判断。
如：
She’s not such a bad sort when you get to know her. 当你慢慢了解了她的时候，（你会发现）她并不是那样一种坏人。在sort of后接名词的规则，以及含“sort of + 名词”结构的主语，与谓语动词在人称和数上取得一致的规则，与kind of相同。如：There are many different sorts of chocolate. 有多种不同的巧克力。
kind一般指客观存在着的具有相同特性的一个“种类”。在非正式用语中，它也可以表示人们按其主观判断来归类、编组的一个无严格范畴概念的种类。
如：
They are different in size but in kind. 它们大小不同，然而类属却是一样的。在kind of后通常接单数名词，但在非正式用语中也可以用复数式。如果主语中含“kind of+名词”结构，那么与之搭配的谓语动词的形式取决于kind的单复数形式。如：That kind of apple(s) is highly priced. 那种苹果的售价很高。
sort比kind更口语化，它偶尔也指客观存在的“种类”，但更多地带有主观判断的彩。此外，它还常常用来表示轻蔑、贬义的判断。
如：
She’s not such a bad sort when you get to know her. 当你慢慢了解了她的时候，（你会发现）她并不是那样一种坏人。在sort of后接名词的规则，以及含“sort of + 名词”结构的主语，与谓语动词在人称和数上取得一致的规则，与kind of相同。如：There are many different sorts of chocolate. 有多种不同的巧克力。
kind一般指客观存在着的具有相同特性的一个“种类”。在非正式用语中，它也可以表示人们按其主观判断来归类、编组的一个无严格范畴概念的种类。
如：
They are different in size but in kind. 它们大小不同，然而类属却是一样的。在kind of后通常接单数名词，但在非正式用语中也可以用复数式。如果主语中含“kind of+名词”结构，那么与之搭配的谓语动词的形式取决于kind的单复数形式。如：That kind of apple(s) is highly priced. 那种苹果的售价很高。
type是与其他事物截然不同的共同性质所构成的类型。如：one’s type of blood 某人的血型
3）accommodation 意思是“住处，住所”。在英式英语中是不可数名词不用复数，但是在美式英语中却可以用作复数。
2. Another whaler yelled out, “Rush-oo…rush-oo”. This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt. 另外一个捕鲸人大声叫着，“快走啊……快点走”，这是宣告猎鲸行动马上就要开始的声音。
1) yell叫喊，大声叫
We yelled together for our team. 我们一起为我们的队大喊加油。
We yelled our good-byes as the bus left. 汽车离开时我们大喊再见。
He yelled at her to be careful. 他大叫让她当心。
2）that引导的定语从句来修饰先行词call的。be about to do sth. 表示即将，马上要发生的事情。
3. As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers. 当我们靠近的时候，我看到原来是一头鲸受到大约五六只虎鲸的攻击。
3）accommodation 意思是“住处，住所”。在英式英语中是不可数名词不用复数，但是在美式英语中却可以用作复数。
2. Another whaler yelled out, “Rush-oo…rush-oo”. This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt. 另外一个捕鲸人大声叫着，“快走啊……快点走”，这是宣告猎鲸行动马上就要开始的声音。
1) yell叫喊，大声叫
We yelled together for our team. 我们一起为我们的队大喊加油。
We yelled our good-byes as the bus left. 汽车离开时我们大喊再见。
He yelled at her to be careful. 他大叫让她当心。
2）that引导的定语从句来修饰先行词call的。be about to do sth. 表示即将，马上要发生的事情。
3. As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers. 当我们靠近的时候，我看到原来是一头鲸受到大约五六只虎鲸的攻击。
1）draw在本句中表示“向(某处)移动, 靠近, 走近；(时间等)接近”，常与to, towards搭配
They drew towards that village. 他们向那个村庄走去。
The car drew near. 汽车驶近了。
Winter is drawing near. 冬天快来了。
☆ 划；画；描绘
I drew (a picture of) my cat. 我给我的猫画了一张画儿。
He draws badly. 他画得不好。
☆ 吸引
A parade draws a large crowd. 游行队伍吸引了许多的观众。
The street accident drew a big crowd. 马路上的事故吸引了一大人。
☆ 打成平局；打个平手
The teams draw. 两队不分胜负。
The game was drawn. 比赛打成了平局。
draw还可以用作名词
☆ 抽签；抽奖
They drew towards that village. 他们向那个村庄走去。
The car drew near. 汽车驶近了。
Winter is drawing near. 冬天快来了。
☆ 划；画；描绘
I drew (a picture of) my cat. 我给我的猫画了一张画儿。
He draws badly. 他画得不好。
☆ 吸引
A parade draws a large crowd. 游行队伍吸引了许多的观众。
The street accident drew a big crowd. 马路上的事故吸引了一大人。
☆ 打成平局；打个平手
The teams draw. 两队不分胜负。
The game was drawn. 比赛打成了平局。
draw还可以用作名词
☆ 抽签；抽奖
When does the draw take place? 何时开始抽奖？
☆ 平局；不分胜负
The game ended in a draw. 比赛不分胜负
2）pack在本句中用作名词，表示“一，一帮”
The killers started racing between our boat and the whale just like a pack of excited dogs. 这些虎鲸在我们的渔船和那头鲸之间开始追逐，就像一发狂的猎狗一样。
☆ 小包，包裹
The soldier carried a pack on his back. 这个军人背上背着一个小包。
The climber carried some food in a pack on his back. 爬山的人把干粮打成包背在背上。
还具有动词词性
☆ 包装；包扎；把…包起来
They packed their bags and left. 他们把行李打好了包就动身了。
The goods are packed in canvas. 此货用帆布包装。
☆ 挤入；挤满；填塞；装罐
The bus was packed with people. 公共汽车挤满了人。
☆ 平局；不分胜负
The game ended in a draw. 比赛不分胜负
2）pack在本句中用作名词，表示“一，一帮”
The killers started racing between our boat and the whale just like a pack of excited dogs. 这些虎鲸在我们的渔船和那头鲸之间开始追逐，就像一发狂的猎狗一样。
☆ 小包，包裹
The soldier carried a pack on his back. 这个军人背上背着一个小包。
The climber carried some food in a pack on his back. 爬山的人把干粮打成包背在背上。
还具有动词词性
☆ 包装；包扎；把…包起来
They packed their bags and left. 他们把行李打好了包就动身了。
The goods are packed in canvas. 此货用帆布包装。
☆ 挤入；挤满；填塞；装罐
The bus was packed with people. 公共汽车挤满了人。
Every bus arrives and leaves packed as fully as a sardine tin.
每辆开来和开走的公共汽车都塞得像沙丁鱼罐头一样拥挤。
4. “And those others are stopping it fleeing out to sea,” George told me, pointing towards the hunt. “而其他那些虎鲸在阻止它逃跑。”乔治一边指着捕猎的情景，一边告诉我。
1）stop sb. / sth. (from) doing sth. 这个短语意思是防止某人/某物做某事
They stopped me going out of the door. 他们阻止我出门。
The mother tried to stop her young daughter going out on dates.
母亲试图阻止小女儿外出约会。
2）flee 注意它的动词过去式和过去分词都是不规则变化fled。
逃跑；从…逃跑
He was to flee his native village to join the rebel army. 他被迫逃离家乡参加了叛军。
The enemy fled in disorder. 敌人溃逃了。
Citizens were forced to flee the besieged city. 居民被迫逃离这座被围困的城市。
The cat fled from the dog. 猫从狗那里逃走了。
每辆开来和开走的公共汽车都塞得像沙丁鱼罐头一样拥挤。
4. “And those others are stopping it fleeing out to sea,” George told me, pointing towards the hunt. “而其他那些虎鲸在阻止它逃跑。”乔治一边指着捕猎的情景，一边告诉我。
1）stop sb. / sth. (from) doing sth. 这个短语意思是防止某人/某物做某事
They stopped me going out of the door. 他们阻止我出门。
The mother tried to stop her young daughter going out on dates.
母亲试图阻止小女儿外出约会。
2）flee 注意它的动词过去式和过去分词都是不规则变化fled。
逃跑；从…逃跑
He was to flee his native village to join the rebel army. 他被迫逃离家乡参加了叛军。
The enemy fled in disorder. 敌人溃逃了。
Citizens were forced to flee the besieged city. 居民被迫逃离这座被围困的城市。
The cat fled from the dog. 猫从狗那里逃走了。
☆ 飞逝；消失，消散
Color fled from her cheeks. 红晕从她的双颊上消失了。
of time fleeing beneath him时光从他身边飞速而过
→ fleer n. 逃走者
5. From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。
abandon 有动词和名词两种词性，在本句用作动词，表示：
☆ 抛弃；舍弃；离弃(=desert)
They won't abandon their home. 他们不会离弃家园。
He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money. 他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。
He abandoned his wife and child. 他遗弃了他的妻子和孩子。
☆ 放弃；停止做（某事）
She abandoned her stupid idea. 她放弃自己愚蠢的想法。
They abandoned the game because of rain. 因为下雨比赛停止了。
Color fled from her cheeks. 红晕从她的双颊上消失了。
of time fleeing beneath him时光从他身边飞速而过
→ fleer n. 逃走者
5. From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。
abandon 有动词和名词两种词性，在本句用作动词，表示：
☆ 抛弃；舍弃；离弃(=desert)
They won't abandon their home. 他们不会离弃家园。
He abandoned his wife and went away with all their money. 他抛弃了妻子还带走了两人所有的钱。
He abandoned his wife and child. 他遗弃了他的妻子和孩子。
☆ 放弃；停止做（某事）
She abandoned her stupid idea. 她放弃自己愚蠢的想法。
They abandoned the game because of rain. 因为下雨比赛停止了。
☆ 放纵；放任，常用于词组abandon oneself to表示“沉湎于，陷入”，注意，这里的to是介词。
They abandon themselves to drinking. 他们沉湎于饮酒。
He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自弃。
Do not abandon yourself to sorrow. 不要沉浸在悲痛中。
☆ 用作名词表示：“放肆；放纵”
They shouted in gay abandon. 他们放肆地大声喊叫。
The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon.
那些女孩子跳上跳下尽情地挥舞着手臂。
6. I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day a day of pure magic! sort of和kind of的区别我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情。
1）with a cold drink in my hand 是复合结构with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。
with复合结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面，并用逗号与句子分开；表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面，不用逗号分开。若with结构作定语，则放在所修饰的名词之后，一般不用逗号隔开。
They abandon themselves to drinking. 他们沉湎于饮酒。
He abandoned himself to despair. 他自暴自弃。
Do not abandon yourself to sorrow. 不要沉浸在悲痛中。
☆ 用作名词表示：“放肆；放纵”
They shouted in gay abandon. 他们放肆地大声喊叫。
The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms with abandon.
那些女孩子跳上跳下尽情地挥舞着手臂。
6. I’m sitting in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the day a day of pure magic! sort of和kind of的区别我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情。
1）with a cold drink in my hand 是复合结构with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。
with复合结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在句子前面，并用逗号与句子分开；表示方式和伴随状况时一般放在句子后面，不用逗号分开。若with结构作定语，则放在所修饰的名词之后，一般不用逗号隔开。
2）and reflecting 相当于and (I’m) reflecting。
3）reflect 是一个动词，意思是“反射, 反映, 表现”
Her work reflects intelligence. 她的工作显示出她的智慧
The child's bad behaviour reflects on his home training. 这孩子的坏行为归咎于家教不严。
A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look in it. 当你照镜子时，镜子映出你的形象。
☆ 表达；反映，常与that, how连用
Does this letter reflect how you really think? 这封信是否表达了你真实的想法？
Many newspapers reflect the opinions of the children. 许多报纸都反映了儿童们的看法。
The results reflected the greatest credit upon him. 这些成绩给他带来最大的荣誉。
☆ 仔细考虑、沉思，常与on, upon连用
He reflected before answering my question. 他在回答我的问题之前仔细考虑了一下。
☆ 常见词组 reflect on， 意思是“证明；反省，思索，形成或表达深思熟虑后的想法”
She never reflects on her country's place in history. 她从没有思考她的国家在历史上的地位。
3）reflect 是一个动词，意思是“反射, 反映, 表现”
Her work reflects intelligence. 她的工作显示出她的智慧
The child's bad behaviour reflects on his home training. 这孩子的坏行为归咎于家教不严。
A mirror reflects a picture of you when you look in it. 当你照镜子时，镜子映出你的形象。
☆ 表达；反映，常与that, how连用
Does this letter reflect how you really think? 这封信是否表达了你真实的想法？
Many newspapers reflect the opinions of the children. 许多报纸都反映了儿童们的看法。
The results reflected the greatest credit upon him. 这些成绩给他带来最大的荣誉。
☆ 仔细考虑、沉思，常与on, upon连用
He reflected before answering my question. 他在回答我的问题之前仔细考虑了一下。
☆ 常见词组 reflect on， 意思是“证明；反省，思索，形成或表达深思熟虑后的想法”
She never reflects on her country's place in history. 她从没有思考她的国家在历史上的地位。
→ reflectible adj. 可反射的, 可映出的
7. The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me — purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens. 我首先注意到的就是那些鲜艳的颜——紫、红、桔黄、黄、蓝和绿等。
1） I became aware of 作定语从句修饰先行词the first thing，surrounding me 作定语修饰all the vivid colours。
2）aware adj. 意识到的或认识到的；知道的；明白的。用作表语。
I was not aware of the fire. 我没有意识到火。
We were quite aware (of) how you would respond to our terms.
我们十分清楚你们对我们提出的条件会有什么反应。
He doesn't seem to be aware of the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal.
他好像没有意识到大家对他的呼吁态度冷淡。
☆ 常用于词组be /become aware of，意思是“知道，发觉，意识到”
8. Witness these awesome creatures in their natural environment as they leap ou
7. The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me — purples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens. 我首先注意到的就是那些鲜艳的颜——紫、红、桔黄、黄、蓝和绿等。
1） I became aware of 作定语从句修饰先行词the first thing，surrounding me 作定语修饰all the vivid colours。
2）aware adj. 意识到的或认识到的；知道的；明白的。用作表语。
I was not aware of the fire. 我没有意识到火。
We were quite aware (of) how you would respond to our terms.
我们十分清楚你们对我们提出的条件会有什么反应。
He doesn't seem to be aware of the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal.
他好像没有意识到大家对他的呼吁态度冷淡。
☆ 常用于词组be /become aware of，意思是“知道，发觉，意识到”
8. Witness these awesome creatures in their natural environment as they leap ou
t of the water and as they feed in our waters.
1)此处witness用作动词，意思是“亲眼看到，目击，目睹；表明”
He witnessed the accident. 他亲眼目睹那场意外事故。
Her blush witnessed her agitation. 她脸红表示了她的激动。
We witnessed tremendous changes in the city.
我们目击了这个城市的巨大变化。（我们是这个城市巨大变化的见证人。）
☆ 可用作名词，与of连用，意思是“目击者，证明”
There is a witness of the accident. 有一个事件的见证人。
These facts are a witness to his carelessness. 这些事实证明了他的粗心。
She gave witness on behalf of the accused person. 她替被告作证。
常用词组
bear witness to 为...作证, 证明
in witness of 作为...的证明, 为...作证
→witness-box n. 证人席（英式英语）= witness stand （美式英语）
→witnessable adj. 可看得到的
1)此处witness用作动词，意思是“亲眼看到，目击，目睹；表明”
He witnessed the accident. 他亲眼目睹那场意外事故。
Her blush witnessed her agitation. 她脸红表示了她的激动。
We witnessed tremendous changes in the city.
我们目击了这个城市的巨大变化。（我们是这个城市巨大变化的见证人。）
☆ 可用作名词，与of连用，意思是“目击者，证明”
There is a witness of the accident. 有一个事件的见证人。
These facts are a witness to his carelessness. 这些事实证明了他的粗心。
She gave witness on behalf of the accused person. 她替被告作证。
常用词组
bear witness to 为...作证, 证明
in witness of 作为...的证明, 为...作证
→witness-box n. 证人席（英式英语）= witness stand （美式英语）
→witnessable adj. 可看得到的
2）awesome 形容词，表示“令人恐惧的，表示敬畏的”
We stood in awesome silence before the ancient ruins.
我们在古代遗迹前充满敬畏地默立。
→ awe名词，表示：恐惧，敬畏，由权力、才华、美貌、卓越或能力而引起的包含尊敬、敬重、恐惧和惊异的复杂情绪
We felt awe when contemplating the works of Bach.
当注视巴赫的作品时，我们肃然起敬。
The imprisoned soldiers were in awe of their captors.
这些被关押的士兵对俘虏他们的人非常惧怕。
☆ awe还可用作及物动词，意思是“因恐惧而引起，使敬畏”
No difficulty could awe these young men. 任何困难都吓不倒这些年轻人。
We stood in awesome silence before the ancient ruins.
我们在古代遗迹前充满敬畏地默立。
→ awe名词，表示：恐惧，敬畏，由权力、才华、美貌、卓越或能力而引起的包含尊敬、敬重、恐惧和惊异的复杂情绪
We felt awe when contemplating the works of Bach.
当注视巴赫的作品时，我们肃然起敬。
The imprisoned soldiers were in awe of their captors.
这些被关押的士兵对俘虏他们的人非常惧怕。
☆ awe还可用作及物动词，意思是“因恐惧而引起，使敬畏”
No difficulty could awe these young men. 任何困难都吓不倒这些年轻人。
版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。
发表评论