主谓一致
主谓一致三巨头：就近原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则
一、就近原则：
（1）谓语动词的变化以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定。
：或者...或者...
.：既不...也不...
3)：不仅...而且...
but ...：不是...而是...
5)or
6)
例如：
1)Neither you nor your mother is right.
2)You, he or I am right.
3)Not only he but also I am right.
4)Is either he or you right?
（2）百分数，分数+of+名词作主语，谓语动词根据of后的名词决定单复数。
（3）“a kind of；this kind of；many kinds of+名词”作主语，谓语动词与of后的名词保持数的一致。（kind可替换成sort，type，form）
二、语法一致原则：
主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。
注意时态和语态：
You probably have used(use) caffeine since childhood.
注意主语的数：
（1）不定代词
①不定代词either，neither，each，one，the other，another以及复合不定代词someone，somebody 等作主语，谓语动词用单数。
例如：
1)Someone has parked the car on the street.
2)One is from the USA and the other two are from the UK.
②不定代词none作主语时，如果指人或者可数的物，谓语动词单复数均可；如果指不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。
例如：
1)None of the students have/ has made the mistakes this time.
2)Jim has used up all the money .None is left.
③all单独作主语，指人时，谓语动词用复数；指物时，谓语动词用单数。
例如：
1)All are present at the meeting.
2)All is going on very well. （所有事进展的不错）
④由each修饰的名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。（每一个）
Each student has a workman, which helps them improve their listening.
⑤each位于复数主语后或者句尾作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的单复数形式。
例如：
They each have won the first prize.
=They have won the first prize each.
（2）集合名词
①People，cattle，police只有复数概念的集合名词，谓语动词用复数。
②equipment，furniture，baggage，machinery，clothing，jewelery等表示某一类物品总称的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
③以S结尾的学科做主语，谓语动词用单数。
如：politics，physics，mathematics。
④以S结尾的海峡、山脉、岛和表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的复数名词作主语，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。
例如：
1)Twenty years has passed.
2)A hundred miles is a long way
三、意义一致原则
意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来处理主谓一致问题。有时候主语在形式上是单数形式，但其意义是复数，
谓语动词根据意义而定，采用复数形式。
audience，army, class, company，enemy，family，group，public，government，population 等集体名词作主语，若作为一个整体，谓语动词用单数，若着眼于成员或者个体，谓语动词用复数。
例如：
1)His family was the longest among the whole village.
2)My family are going on a trip this summer.
3)The singer and artist is holding a concert called "land blue".
4)He and she are both students of this school.
5)The old are very well taken care of in our city.
无敌小将军：
（1）当用“one in”或者“one out of”表示几分之一时，谓语动词不看of后的名词，只用单数。
例如：
1)It is reported that one in ten people suffers from lung cancer.
2)One out of twenty was badly damaged.
（2）“one or two +复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。
“a/an +单数名词+or two”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
例如：
1)One or two days are enough for the work. （一两天的时间）
2)A day or two is enough for the work. （一天或两天）
（3）
every +单数名词+and+ every+单数名词
each+单数名词+and+ each +单数名词
no+单数名词+and+ no +单数名词
many a +单数名词+and+ many a +单数名词（形式上为单数，但意义上为复数(意为“许多”)）谓语动词统统用“单数”。
例如：
1)Every teacher and every student （be）allowed to borrow books from the library, but
they each （have）to return them in two weeks.
2)Every boy and every girl （have）a right to be educated in our country, whether his/her family
3)（be）rich or poor.
4)No bird and no beast ______ (see) in the lonely island.
5)Many a student （have）seen the film. 许多学生看过这部电影
1)解析：is;have，句意：每个老师和学生都可以从图书馆借书，但他们都要在两周内还书。"every+单数
名词+and+every+单数名词" 作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式，故第一空答案为is；"they each" 作主语时，谓语动词需与they一致，故第二空答案为have。又如:They each have an apple.=They have an a
pple each.= Each of them has an apple.
2)解析：has；is
3)解析：“no＋名词＋and＋no＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；主语和see之间为动宾
sort of army关系。故用被动语态。句意为“在这个孤岛上，人们没有看到鸟和动物”。is seen
4)解析：has
（4）
the +adj表示一类人，谓语动词用“复数”
the +adj表示一类物，谓语动词用“单数”
the +国籍类adj，谓语动词永远用“复数”
例如：
1)The poor are the part of people we help.
2)The beautiful gives happiness to all.
3)The Chinese are like to be together during the spring festival.
4)The Chinese are hard-working people.
练习：
1、One-third of the area covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees been planted.
A. are ; have
B. is; has
C. is; have
D. are ;has
2、The number of teachers in our college greatly increased last term.
A number of teachers in this school from the countryside.
A. was ;is
B.was; are
C. were;are
D. were; is
3、What the population of China? One-third of the population workers here.
A. is; are
B. are; are
C. is; is
D. are; is
4、Not only he but also we right. He as well as we right.
A. are; are
B. are; is
C. is; is
D. is; are
5、What he'd like    a digital watch. What he'd like textbooks
A. are; are
B. is; is
C. is; are
D. are; is
答案：CBABB

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