全国用2018版高考英语大一轮复习Unit1Alandofdiversity教师用书
Unit 1 A land of diversity
话题词汇
1．custom n．风俗；习惯
2．civilization n．文明；文化
3．developed adj.发达的
4．developing adj.发展中的
5．promising adj.有前途的
6．population n．人口
7．be situated in位于……
8．consist of由……组成
9．own a diverse culture 拥有多元文化
10．be rich in natural resources 自然资源丰富
话题佳作
假定你是李华，你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给你的美国朋友彼得写一封信约稿，要点如下：
1．栏目介绍；
2．稿件内容；
3．稿件长度：约400词；
4．交稿日期：6月28日前。
佳作欣赏
Dear Peter，
I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States？And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals，and the life of American high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as it’s interesting and informative.400 words would
be fine.Could we have your article before June 28?
I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours，
Li Hua 名师点睛
本文思路清晰，内容完整，语言简洁，较好地完成了写作任务。在行文过程中，be popular among，so long as，look forward to，hear from等高级词汇，以及宾语从句how Americans
spend their holidays and festivals；条件状语从句so long as it’s interesting and informative；过去分词作定语written by foreign friends等高级句式运用得恰到好处。
A．写作必记单词
1．means n．手段；方法
(1)by means of用……办法；借助……
by all means当然可以
by no means绝不，一点也不
(2)There is no means of finding out what happened.
无法弄清发生了什么事。
2．majority n．大多数；大半
(1)minority n．(反义词)少数；少数民族
(2)in the majority占多数
用法点拨
(1)the majority单独用作主语，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；若“the majority of ＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数，“the majority of ＋不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
(2)the majority of习惯上带定冠词，有时也可用不定冠词；the majority of修饰的名词通常不带定冠词，但若需特指也可带定冠词。
3．elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人
(1)election n．选举；当选；选举权
(2)Roosevelt was elected four times as President of the US.
→Roosevelt was elected four times to the Presidency of the US.(填介词)
用法点拨
(1)若所涉及的职位只有一个，则其前通常不用冠词。
(2)在elect sb.后可接介词as或to，区别是：as后接具体的某职位(如president，manager)，to后接抽象职位(如presidency，office)。
4．applicant n．申请人
(1)apply v．应用；申请；请求
application n．申请；应用
(2)apply oneself to (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请……
5．occur vi.发生；出现
(1)Suddenly it occurred to Majorcans that the island no longer belonged to them.(填代词)(2014·陕西)
(2)An idea occurred to me.(填介词)
sort of英文(3)This sort of incident is an everyday occurrence(occur)．
6．indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示
indication n．指示；象征；表明；标示
7．hire vt.& n．租用；雇用
(1)fire v．(反义词)开除，解雇
(2)Small talk even helps people get hired(hire)．(2015·安徽)
8．punishment n．处罚；惩罚
The punishment for stealing is going to jail.(填介词)
用法点拨
汉语说“惩罚某人做某事”，英语不能直译为 do sth.，应根据情况改用其他说法：The teacher punished him by requiring him to sweep the floor.老师罚他扫地。9．reform vt.& vi.改革；革新；n.改革；改造；改良
B．阅读识记单词
10．distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的
distinction n．差别；区分；卓著
11．hardship n．苦难；困苦
12．percentage n．百分比；百分率
(1)percent n．百分比，百分数；adj.百分之……的
(2)What is the percentage of nitrogen in air?
空气中氮的百分比是多少？
用法点拨
含有percent of的结构用作主语时，其谓语动词的数与of后的名词或代词的数保持一致。13．boom n．(人口、贸易的)繁荣；vi.处于经济迅速发展时期
14．racial adj.人种的；种族的
race n．种，种族；人种；vt.& vi.(和……)比赛，(使)参加比赛
15．crossing n．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道
cross v．横渡；横越；穿越
16．vice n．& adj.代理；副职
17．apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的
It was apparent that she didn’t hear what I said.(填代词)
18．conductor n．(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥
conduct vt.& vi.引导；带领；管理
19．slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤；n.滑动；滑倒
slipper n．拖鞋
20．justice n．正义；公平
justify vt.证明……正确；替……辩护
21．mourn vt.& vi.哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛
22．authority n．权威；权力；(pl.)当局；官方
23．grasp vt.& n．抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会
24．insert vt.插入；嵌入
1．live on继续存在；继续生存；以……为食
2．make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
3．keep up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)
4．back to back背靠背
5．team up with与……合作或一起工作
6．mark out用线画出范围；标出……界线
(1)For each of them there are four choices marked(mark) A，B，C and D．(2016·上海)
(2)Daily life was marked(mark) by farming，sheep raising and wool production.(2015·湖北)
7．take in包括；吸收；领会；理解；欺骗
The more fat you take in before bedtime，the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
睡前吸收的脂肪越多，晚上身体的负担越重。(2016·四川)
8．a great/good many许多；很多
(1)A great many of the books in the library are new.(填介词)
(2)Many a student has seen(see) the film already.
用法点拨
(1)a great/good many 后接名词时，名词前不用介词of，若其后接的是代词，或接的名词前有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰，则必须要有介词of。
(2)“many a/an＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
1．California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. 加利福尼亚是美国第三大州，但有最多的人口。
用法点拨
the third修饰largest，意为“第三大的”。形容词的最高级前面可以被序数词以及by far，much，almost，nearly，not quite等词修饰。
(1)Asia is by far the largest continent in the world.

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