M3 U2  Language points
Welcome to the unit
1.stand for 代表；象征，表示；主张，支持
UN ___________ _______ the United Nations. (代表)
The letters UN __________ _______ the United Nations. (代表)
I hate them and everything they stand for. 我讨厌他们以及他们______________一切。
sort of up to造句He always stands for what is right. 他对正确的事物总是_____________。
stand out 显眼，突出
The red house____________ ____________ ____________ the background of green hills.
这座红房子在青山的映衬下十分夺目。
She’s the sort of person who stands out in a crowd. 她是那种在人中很____________人。
2. inform  v.
inform sb of/about sth  _________________________________f
keep sb (well) informed of  使某人随时了解
He  ________ _______ ______ his arrival. 他通知他们他到了。
________ ____ _________ _______ fresh development. 随时告诉我新的发展。
【注】用于这中结构的词还有remind, warn, rob, cure, accuse, convince等。
3. share  v.  分享, 共用，合用  n. （可数）一份，份额 ; 股份
share… with sb
share … between(among)sb 两人或几个人中分配
share the joys and hardships  ________________________
Susan shares a house with three other students. 苏珊和其余三个学生共用一间屋子。
There isn’t an empty table. Would you mind sharing? 没有空桌子了.你介意与人_____吗？
Everyone ought to have his share of food. ________________________________
Reading
1.occupy  v. 占用；占领；使忙于（做某事）
  The bed seemed to occupy most of the room. 床似乎占去了大半个屋子。
  Reading occupies most of my free time. 阅读占去了我的大部分空闲时间。
  The army finally occupied the enemy’s capital. 部队最后_______了敌人的首都。
  She occupied herself in preparing dinner. 她_________准备晚餐。
(occupy…in doing sth; occupy…with sth使忙于)
  She was occupied with the cleaning of the big house. 她_______打扫那间大房子。
  (be occupied in doing sth; be occupied with sth 忙于)
  occupation  n. 工作，职业；占用；占领
2.mix A with/and B  把A和B混合
mix with sth  和….混合
mix up 混淆，搞混
Don’t mix the flour and the sugar. ___________________________
Oil won’t mix with water. / Oil and water don’t mix. 油不能和水相混合。
You’re always mixing up me with my twin sister. __________________________________
mixture  n. 混合(物)
3.aside from=apart from 除……之外（别无）；除……之外（还有）
  I’ve finished apart from the last question. 除了最后一道题，我全做完了。
  Aside from chatting on the Internet, he likes to play basketball in his spare time.
除了在网上聊天，他业余时间还喜欢打篮球。
  区别besides, except, apart from=aside from
  besides 除……之外（还有）
except 除……之外（别无）
apart from=aside from 除……之外（别无）；除……之外（还有）
区别 except,except for
except 整体中除外。所“排除”的部分与前面所述整体词属于同类。
except for 整体上给以定论后，再从局部上加以修正。所“排除”的部分与前面所述整体词往往不是同类。
练习
  1._____________ these reasons mentioned, there are other factors, too.
A. Except      B. Aside from    C. In spite of  D. Due to
  2. This design has many other advantages ____________ lower cost.
A. beside      B. besides    C. except    D. except for
  3. ____________ his nose, he’s quite goodlooking.
A. Besides    B. In addition to    C. Apart from    D. because
  4. His composition is very good __________some spelling mistakes.
A. except    B. except for  C. except that    D. besides
  5. I know nothing about the young lady ________ she is from Beijing.
A. except that  B. except    C. except for  D. besides
4.rule  v./n. 
rule a country 统治，控制 
In China the working people are the ruling class.
rule out 排除
under/during the rule of …在……的统治下
rules and regulations 规章制度
He made it a rule to do morning exercises every day. （习惯）
As a rule, we get up about six o’clock. （通常）
5.latter  adj. 后者的，后半期的 n. the latter 后者
late  adj. 迟的，晚的  adv. 迟
later  adv. 后来
latest  adj. 最新的，最近的 (the latest news)
lately  adv. 最近，近来 （recently）
6.include
Many students went to the museum last week,_______ ____________.（包括我）
Many students went to the museum last week, including me.
7. go through仔细检查；经历，经受；通过
  I always start the day by going through my email. 我每天总是先看邮件。
  She went through the company’s accounts, looking for evidence of fraud.
她___________________________________，寻的证据。
  He’s amazingly cheerful considering all he’s had to go through.
经历了种种磨难，他还那么乐观，令人惊叹。
Word power& Grammar and usage
1.promise  v./n.
  promise sth to sb /promise sb sth
promise sb that 
  promise to do 
  promise sb to do
  as promised 正如保证过的
She promised me that she would be on time. 她答应我她会准时。
_________________________________________________. 我答应她参加她的生日聚会。
promise  还有“预示”“有希望”“使某事很有可能”，常用物做主语。

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