判断代词指代内容题解读
    代词指代题要求考生根据语境判断代词（如it，they，them，this，that等）究竟指代什么，题干中经常有refer to。
  从指代内容的位置上看，通常都在前一句中或同一句的前部分，但也有的在它前面几个句子中，很少出现在后面的句子中。
  的方法是由代词的单复数确定指代的名词的单复数，另外还要考虑指人还是指物等。到指代的内容后把它放在这个代词的位置上，看看这句话是否合理通顺，与前后的内容是否一致，然后再判定它是否为正确答案。
  1. 指代内容在同一句中
  [例1]（2013辽宁卷D篇?72） Sparrow failed to grow for another two years. Until a new CEO，Carl Pearson，decided to build up its market share. He did a survey，which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain，while customers of other fast-food chains were unwilling to turn away from them. Spa
rrow had to develop a new promotional campaign.
  △What does the underlined word“them”in Paragraph 2 refer to？
  A. Customers of Sparrow restaurants
  B. Sparrow restaurants
  sort of orderC. Customers of other fast-food chains
  D. other fast-food chains
  解析：因Sparrow restaurants的消费者对其连锁店持积极的态度，而其他快餐连锁的顾客却不会轻易舍弃他们原来的选择，所以Sparrow才要开发一种新的促销运动。故选D。
  2. 指代内容在前一句
  [例2]（2013江苏卷D篇?69）Twain’s racial tone was not perfect. One is left uneasy，for example，by the lengthy passage in his autobiography（自传）about how much he loved
what were called“nigger shows”in his youth―mostly with white men performing in black-face―and his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them. Yet there is no reason to think Twain saw the shows as representing reality. His frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.
  △What does the under lined word“they”in Paragraph 7 refer to？
  A. The attacks. B. Slavery and prejudice.
  C. White men. D. The shows.
  解析：根据前一句的Twain saw the shows as representing reality，和本句中...that they did not，可知they指代the shows。故选D。
  3. 指代内容在前两句
  [例3]（2013四川卷B篇?36）Two 12-year-old boys，Christian and Jack，rowed out a boat to search for a football. Once they’d rowed beyond the calm waters，a beach umbrell
a tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water. The pair panicked and tried to row back to shore. But they were no match for it and the boat was out of control.
  △What does“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to？
  A. The beach. B. The water. C. The boat. D. The wind.
  解析：风力把小船吹向开阔的水域，所以两个男孩试图把船划回岸边，但是根本不是风力的对手。故选D。
  从指代的内容上看，有的指代一个名词，有的指代一个短语，也有的指代一个句子等。
  1. 指代一个名词
  [例4]（2015年湖南卷A篇?59）Other road users，including horse riders，manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists？ It’s about time they had to be registered and insured，so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle，or cause an accident，at least they can be trea
ted and there might be an opportunity to claim.    　△The underlined word“they”in the third letter refers to ___________.
  A. accidents B. vehicles C. pedestrian D. cyclists
  解析：因they所在句的三个they都是指前句Other road users，including horse riders，manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists？ （连骑马的人都要遵守规矩，为何骑行者不遵守呢？）中的cyclists，故选D。
  2. 指代一个短语
  [例5]（2015重庆卷D篇?48）Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure，providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta. The camps have excellent horses，professional guides and lots of support workers. They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience.
  △ What does the underlined word“They”refer to？
  A. Flooded waters B. Wildlife journey
  C. Safari camps D. Unique rides
  解析：前两句列举了safari camps的种种好处，从而说明它们拥有很好的名声，所以They指代的是safari camps，故选C。
  3. 指代两个短语
  [例6]（2013广东卷B篇?32） However， to succeed in life，one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And，in addition to that，in order to get really good at something，one needs to spend at least 10，000 hours studying and practicing. To become great at certain things，it’ll require even more time，time that most people won’t put in.

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