Unit 1
1. Identity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents), shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events.
        Who we are is determined by three things: First, our genes, or what our parents have given us, our legacy; second, environment; and third, luck or opportunities.
2. In fact, it may be heightened by their choice to pursue a college education.
Actually, if the students choose to go to college to continue their education, they will face an even more serious struggle between the desire to be independent and the need to depend on the financial support of their parents.
3.College students need to stand back and see where they are in the independence/dependence struggle.
  (In the face of the arrays of challenges,) it is necessary for college students to avoid getting too emotionally involved in the struggle and try to get a clear idea of their situation.
4. . Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with.
Perhaps nothing can make a student experience such a big emotional change except his/her relationships with his/helover.
Unit 2
1.I realized that while my satisfaction in the sheer act of reading had not abated in the least, the world was often as hostile, or as blind, to that joy as had been my girlfriends.
I realized that while my joy in reading had not weakened a bit, the world was just as blind or hostile to my joy as my girlfriends had been.
2. . America is also a nation that prizes sociability and community, that accepts a kind of psychological domino effect: alone leads to loner, loner to loser. Any sort of turning away from human contact is suspect, especially one that interferes with the go-out-and-get-going ethos that seems to be at the heart of our sort of in ordernational character.
  America is a nation that highly values sociability and community, and believes that being alone will naturally lead to being a loner, and being a loner is sure to end up being a loser. Therefore if someone separates himself or herself from other people, people have a good reason to suspect him or her, especially if it prevents that person from going out and starting to get things done, which is the most important part of the American character.
3. Reading for pleasure, spurred on by some interior compulsion, became as suspect as getting on the subway to ride aimlessly from place to place.
  Some people did not believe that there was such a thing as reading for pleasure driven by a strong desire from the heart. They regarded it as an idle, aimless, meaningless occupation just like driving from place to place aimlessly on the subway.
4. And in circles devoted to literary criticism…there was sometimes a kind of horrible exclusivity surrounding discussions of reading.
When literary critics discussed the problem of reading, they sometimes showed the terrible
attitude that reading was a right that only belonged to the elite, not to be shared with other people.
Unit 3
1.I am just as ignorant for all your telling me.
  I am still as ignorant as before of the names of flowers although you had told me.
2.But now, as he spoke, that memory faded. His was the truer.
  Now, that memory about the ridiculous scene gradually disappeared. His memory was more accurate. They did have a good time that afternoon.
3.He was certainly far better looking now than he had been  then. He had lost all that dreamy vagueness and indecision. Now he had the air of a man who has found his place in life.
He was no longer impractical or unrealistic and uncertain what to do with his life.
4.Now he had the air of a man who has found his place in life.
At that time, the man was much younger, full of dreams, very impractical, very unclear about what he should do with his life. But now he looks like a man who has a successful career.
5.As he spoke, …she felt the strange beast that had slumbered so long within her bosom stir, stretch itself, yawn, prick up its ears, and suddenly bound to its feet, and fix its longing, hungry stare upon those far away places.
As he spoke, she felt that her lifelong dream of traveling around the world, which had been lying at the back of her mind all these years because her health conditions had not allowed her to do that, now began to wake up. It was just like a strange beast waking up with longing and hungry eyes for those wonderful places.

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