时文阅读|气候变化是如何影响疾病传播的
        极端天气频发，冰川消融加快，生物多样性受损……气候变化对自然环境和生态的影响是显而易见的，当我们致力于保护环境，恢复生态以减少气候变化带来的恶劣影响时，我们是否注意到了气候变化在疾病传播中扮演的角呢？
阅读短文并回答问题
Most of the new diseases we humans have faced in the past several decades have come from animals. The more we come into contact with wild animals, the more we risk a so-called disease “spillover” from animals to humans.
“As people move and wildlife move in response to a changing environment, humans and wildlife and animals will come in contact more regularly,” said Jeanne Fair from the Los Alamos National Laboratory
in New Mexico. Fair argues that by shifting（转移）animal habitats, climate change will also make the
opportunities for disease spillover more frequent. “Everything is sort of shifting and will shift into the future as the environment changes through climate change,” Fair said.
Scientists, including climatologists and epidemiologists on Fair’s team at Los Alamos, are beginning to model how changes to the climate will impact the spread of infectious diseases. It’s early days for this kind of research, but previous studies suggest that extreme weather has already played a role in at least one outbreak. Scientists say drought and deforestation have combined to force bats out of rainforests and into
orchards（果园）in Malaysia to find food. Those bats, a common disease reservoir, then passed the Nipah
virus through pigs to humans for the first time in the late 1990s.
“We’re going by the past data to really predict what’s going to happen in the future,” Fair said, “And so, anytime you increase that wildlife-human interface（界面）, that’s sort of an emerging disease hot spot. And so, that’s just increasing as we go forward.”
Jeffrey Shaman, head of the climate and health program at Columbia University’s public health school, argues we don’t yet know whether climate change will cause a net increase in infectious disease rates globally. For example, mosquitoes carry disease that affects millions of people across the world every year. As their habitats expand in some parts of the world, they might contract diseases elsewhere. Shaman says what we know for certain about climate change is that it wilsortof什么意思中文翻译l make it harder to predict where disease outbreaks will pop up.
1. How does climate change affect the spread of disease according to Fair?
A. By breaking animals’ habits.
B. By increasing animals’ varieties. C. By promoting animals’ breeding.
D. By changing animals’ living environment.
2. What is the example of bats for in paragraph 3?
A. Explaining the influence of Nipah virus.
B. Proving the harm of bats to human beings.
C. Showing the effects of climate change on disease.
D. Presenting scientists’ early study about the cause of disease.
3. What can we infer from Fair’s words in paragraph 4?
A. Humans should give up studying animals.
B. Past data can solve the problems in the future.
C. Disease hot spots will disappear if animals die out.

D. Frequent contact with animals can cause disease outbreaks.
4. What could be the best title for the text?
A. Climate Change and Disease Spillover
B. Animals’ Interaction with Humans
C. Early Studies about Extreme Weather
D. Scientists’ Prediction for Disease Outbreaks
【参考答案】DCDA

版权声明：本站内容均来自互联网，仅供演示用，请勿用于商业和其他非法用途。如果侵犯了您的权益请与我们联系QQ:729038198，我们将在24小时内删除。