在英语中,out 与 of 的连用造就了灵活多变的 out of,同时也丰富了介词的用法,用强强联合来形容 out 与 of 的连用一点不夸张,out of 有很多意思,而且它们比较接近,甚至有的时候很容易弄混。
Out of 作介词时,常见的用法主要有以下几个:
一、out of 表示从某地或某物出来,意为“(从…里)出来”,常跟动词 go 或come 连用,反义词是 into,例如:
You go out of the building and turn right.
你走出大楼右转。
An apple rolled out of the bag.
一个苹果从袋子里滚出来。
Professor Aitchison is out of town this week.
艾奇森教授这周不在城里。
The patient is now out of danger.
病人现在已脱离危险。
二、out of 表示来源,意为“从,用…制作“,例如:
He drank the lemonade straight out of the bottle.
他从瓶口直接喝柠檬水。
Would you advise people to make a building out of wood or stone?
你会建议人们用木材还是石头建房子呢?
She dresses like a character out of a 19th-century novel.
她穿得像19世纪小说中的人物。
三、out of 表示原因,意为”因为,由于“,例如:
I asked out of curiosity.
我因为好奇问了问。
He took up office out of a sense of duty.
sort of的意思他就任公职是出于一种责任感。
四、out of 表示”从(某个数目或集)中“,例如:
Nine out of ten people said they liked the product.
十分之九的人说他们喜欢这个产品。
The poll showed that six out of ten people approved of the job the president is doing.
民意测验显示,十分之六的人赞成总统正在做的工作。
五、out of 表示不在原状态或不再参与某事,意为”脱离,离开“,例如:
I got out of the habit of riding my bike to work.
我改掉了骑自行车上班的习惯。
You come out of university and find there are no jobs available.
从大学毕业后却不到工作。
六、be out of 常用的搭配,主要用来表示”脱离、离开“等意思
1. out of character (for) 意为”不符合…的性格“
It was out of character for Charles not to offer to help.
不主动帮忙不符合查尔斯的性格。
2. out of control 意为”失去控制“
The children are completely out of control since their father left.
这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。
3. out of danger 意为“脱离风险”
Doctors said she is now out of danger.
医生说她已脱离危险。
4. out of order 指(机器等)失灵、有毛病、出故障,意为”坏了,出故障“等
The toilets are all out of order.
这些抽水马桶都坏了。
5. out of print 意为”已经停印,已经绝版“
Her first novel is now out of print.
她的第一部小说已经绝版。
6. out of season 意为”不合时令的,过季了“
Tomatoes are out of season now.
西红柿现在过季了。
7. out of sight 意为”看不见,在视野之外“
He just managed to duck out of sight.
他总算躲开了别人的视线。
8. out of style 意为”过时的,不流行的“
The frock is now out of style.
这种女上衣已不时新了。
9. out of work 意为”失业的,下岗的“
She had been out of work for a year.
她已经失业一年了。
等等还有很多,当你熟悉了 out of 的用法,自然而然语感就上来了。词或词组辨析:
duck 意为“低下头,躲避”等
frock [frɒk] 意为“连衣裙,女装”等
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