牛津英语7b英语语法(三)一般将来时
一、一般将来时的动词形式
  一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。一般将来时由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称，will用于第二、三人称。但是现在第一人称一般也用will，其区别并不明显。（或“be going to + 动词原形）常与tomorrow, next… , in （the） future，soon, in five days，in two weeks等连用。
如: I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.　如明天下雨我就不来。
　My father will leave for China next week.　我的爸爸下星期要到中国去。
　“I’ll, You’ll, He’ll , She’ll , It’ll, We’ll , They’ll …”　是简缩形式。
二．一般将来时的句型
1.肯定句：主语+shall /will+动词+其他成份
　The workers will build a new school here next year.工人们明年将在这儿盖一所新学校。
　They will go shopping this afternoon. 今天下午他们将要去购物。
　We shall have a delicious dinner tonight. 今晚我们将美餐一顿。
　We shall be there before dark. 我们天黑前会到达那里。
2.否定句：主语+shall /will+not+动词+其他成份
　She won’t come back this week.这一周她不回来了。
　I will not go shopping one hour later. 一小时之后我不会去购物。
　He won’t play football with you before he finishes his work.他干完活后才能跟你踢足球。
3.疑问句：shall /will+主语+动词+其他成份
　Will you be back in ten minutes? 十分钟后你会回来吗？
　Will you please open the window? 请你打开窗户好吗？
　Shall we get something hot to drink? 我们喝一些热饮怎么样？
4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+shall /will+主语+动词+其他成份
　Where will you go next week? 下星期你去哪?
　What sall I do?我怎么办呢?
　How many books will they get? 他们将有多少本书？
三．will, be going to …, be to…, be about to…的区别
1.be going to +不定式，表示将来。表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。be going to和will相比，be going to通常表示主观，will通常表示客观。
　What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天你要做什么？
　Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看看这些黑云，将有一场暴风雨。
　It’s going to be a fine day tomorrow.明天将会是个好天。
　It is going to rain. 要下雨了。
2.“be to+动词原形”表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。这种结构表示计划中约定的或按职责、义务要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。
　We are to have a meeting next Saturday. 下个周日我们有个会。
　The boy is to go to school tomorrow. 这个男孩明天要去上学。
　Are we to go on with this work? 我们继续干吗？
　The president is to visit China next week.总统下周来访中国。
3.“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的动作，意为：很快，马上。后面一般不跟时间状语。这一结构用于表示客观就要发生的事，表示马上就要发生。一般不再与时间状语连用。
Don’t go out. We’re about to have a meeting. 别出去了,我们很快就开会了。
I was about to start when it began to rain.我刚要出发就下起雨来了。
He is about to leave for Shenyang.他将要离开去沈阳。
We are about to leave. 我们马上就走。
The film is about to begin. 电影马上就要开始了。
四．注意事项
1. be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
2. Let’s …的附加疑问通常使用“…, shall we ?”。
　Let’s have a rest, shall we?
3. 问句是“Shall…?”，答句就用“shall ~”；问句用“Will …？”，答句就用“will ~ ”。要前后保持一致。
　Shall you go to school next week ?
　Yes, I shall . We’ll have an exam .
　Will you have an exam tomorrow?
　Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.
一般将来时练习:
(　)1. He _______ able to come on Friday because he fails in his exam.
  A. will be not　B. will not be　C. is going to be　D. isn’t going be
(　)2. – When ________ again?
  --When he ____________, I’ll let you know.
  A. he comes ;comes　B. will he come;will come　C. he comes ;will he come　D. will he come;comes
(　)3. Do you think Tom ______________ his uncle if he arrives?
  A. called　B. calls　C. will call　D. is calling
(　)4. Don’t get off the bus until it_______.
  A. will stop　B. stops　C. shall stop　D. is stopped
(　)5. Let’s have dinner before the sun ____________.
  A. go down　B. goes down　C. will go down　D. went down
(　)6. Don’t you know our town at all?
  No, this is the first time I ___________ here.
  A. am　B. was　C. have been　D. will be
(　)7. We ________ begin our lessons if you _________ ready.
　A. will ; will be　B. shall ; Will get　C. will ; get　D. /; are
(　)8. I’ll tell her about it as soon as she ___________ back.
  A. shall come　B. will come　C. comes　D. is going to come
(　)9. Your shirt is dirty.________ it for you?
  A. Am I going to wash　B. Will I wash　C. Am I washing　D. Shall I wash
(　)10. Look at these clouds, it _______________
.  A. will be raining　B. is going to rain　C. rains　D. is to rain
(　)11. It ______ hours to do the job.No, it won’t.
  A. has taken　B. is taking　C. will take　D. would take
(　)12. If you don’t mind, I __________ off the TV set.
  A. will turn　B. am turning　C. would turn　D. had turned
(　)13. You haven’t played hockey before, have you?No, I haven’t.
  And you think you ________, don’t you ?
  A. would win　B. were going to win　C. will win　D. win
(　)14. Shall I call a taxi for you?
  No, thanks. __________ one myself
  A. I call　B. I’ll call　C. I’d call　D. I called
(　)15. It’s Saturday tomorrow. I’m glad we ______ any classes.
  So am I. I’ll go fishing. Would you like to go with me?be about to

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