2022年考研考博-考博英语-中央美术学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
翻译题
Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
中国式问候
吃饭时间，“你吃了吗？”是中国人最常用的问候语。不理解这种风俗的外国人会认为这是在邀请一起吃饭。但是，这仅仅是简单的问候，不是真的在发出邀请，所以可以回答“吃了，我吃过了。”或者说“没有，我还没吃。”除了“你吃了吗?”，中文中还有其他打招呼的方式，比如说“去哪儿？”、“忙吗？”、“干什么呢？”、“去上班？”等等。我们可以发现中国人问候的时候喜欢问别人在做什么，做了什么，要做什么。
【答案】Chinese greeting
“Have you eaten?” is a common greeting among Chinese when it is the time for a meal. Foreigners who do not understand this kind of custom might regard this as an invitation to have a meal together. However, this is just a simple greeting, not a real invitation, so can reply with “Yes, I have eaten.” or “No, not yet.” In addition to “Have you eaten?”, there are many other expressions for saying hello in Chinese, like “Where are you going?”, “Are you busy?”, “What are you doing?”, “Are you going to work?”, etc. We can find that when Chinese people greet each other, they like to ask about the things others are doing, just did or are going to do.
2.
单选题
Ten days ago the young man informed his boss of his intention to（ ）.
问题1选项
A.resign
B.reject
C.retreat
D.replace
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。resign“辞职”；reject“拒绝”；retreat“撤退，后退”；replace“代替，替换”。句意：十天前，这个年轻人告知了他的老板他要离职的打算。A项符合题意。
3.
翻译题
Directions: Read the following paragraph carefully and translate it into Chinese.
1. Upon learning of this cultural preference, Hallmark reacted quickly. Even though Chinese
and Japanese descendants of Romeo and Juliet are now able to buy greeting cards in their native language, Hallmark has made sure the supply of greeting cards in English is plentiful. Thus, their customers can achieve both a display of their hip cosmopolitan flair, while also sending their sweetie that all-important message of love at the same time.
2.English as a lingua franca is nothing more than a useful tool: it is a “language for communication”, a medium that is given substance with the different national, regional, local and individual cultural identities its speakers bring to it. English itself does not carry such identities, and it is not a “language for identification”. And because of the variety of functional uses of global English, English has also a great potential for promoting international understanding. Its different speakers must always work out a common behavioural and intercultural basis.
【答案】1.在了解到这一文化偏好之后，霍尔马克公司快速做出了反应。尽管“罗密欧与朱丽叶”的中国和日本后裔现在都能买到母语贺卡，但霍尔马克公司同时确保了英语贺卡的供应充足。这样，他们的顾客既可以展示他们时尚的世界性眼光，同时也可以向他们的爱人传达最重要的爱的信息。
2.作为一种通用语，英语只不过是一种有用的工具:它是一种“交流的语言”， 是一种由其使用者赋予了不同民族、地区、地方和个人文化特的物质媒体。英语本身并没有这种身份，它也不是一种“身份识别语言”。而且，由于全球英语功能用法的多样性，英语在促进国际理解方面也具有巨大潜力。不同的使用者必须始终制定出一个共同的行为和跨文化基础。 
4.
翻译题
Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
世外桃源
陶渊明写过一篇文章叫《桃花源记》。文中讲述了一个渔人出外捕鱼时，偶然来到一个叫“桃花源”的地方。从这里的一个山洞穿过去，发现了一个村子。这是一个与世隔绝，没有压迫和剥削，人人安居乐业的美好世界。渔人告别村民回家以后，却再也不到这个地方了。现在人们用这个成语比喻与世隔绝的美好世界。
【答案】Tao Yuanming wrote an article called “Peach Blossom Spring”. It tells a story which goes like this: A fisherman happened to come upon a place called “Peach blossom Land”. Squeezing through a cave, he found a village. It was a paradise isolated from the outside world, without exploitation or oppression, and everybody living and working in peace and contentment. The fisherman left the villagers and went home. But he could never find the place again. Now people use this idiom to mean an isolated, ideal world.
5.
单选题
People’s expectations about the future may have more influence on their sense of well-being than their（ ）state does.
问题1选项
A.current
sort out什么意思中文意思B.initial
C.modern
D.primitive
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。current“现在的，最近的”；initial“最初的”；modern“现代的”；primitive“原始的”。句意：人们对未来的期望，相比他们现在的状态，可能对他们的幸福感产生更大的影响。由题干中的future以及than可推知此空应填与future相对应的表示时间状态的词，故A项符合题意。
6.
单选题
Beauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier, have better marriages and more respectable oc
cupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants（被告）. But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.
While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive ladder, it is harmful to a woman. Handsome male executives were thought as having more integrity than plainer men; effort and ability were thought to account for their success. Attractive female executives were considered to have less integrity than unattractive ones; their success was attributed not to ability but to factors such as luck.
All unattractive women executives were thought to have more integrity and to be more capable than the attractive female executives. Interestingly, though, the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was attributed more to personal relationships and less to ability than was that of the attractive overnight successes.
Why are attractive women not thought to be able? An attractive woman is thought to be more feminine and an attractive man more masculine than the less attractive ones. Thus, a
n attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs, but an attractive woman in a traditionally masculine position appears to lack the masculine qualities required.
This is true even in politics. “When the only clue is how he or she looks, people treat men and women differently,” says Anne Bowman, who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates. She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs, one of men and one of women, in order of attractiveness. The students were told the photographs were of candidates for political offices. They were asked to rank them again, in the order they would vote for them.

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