（精品）人教版八年级英语下册Unit-1-6-知识点总结378
人教版八年级下册英语知识总结Unit 1
一、
have a (high) fever发（高）烧have a cough咳嗽
have a toothache牙疼
talk too much说太多
have a (bad) cold（重）感冒have a stomachache胃疼
have a sore back背疼
lie down and rest躺下休息
hot tea with honey加蜂蜜的热茶see a dentist看牙医
take one’s temperature量体温put some medicine on sth.敷药cut oneself割伤某人自己
sound like听起来像
in the same way以同样的方式take breaks休息
go along沿着…走
on the side of the road在马路边上shout for help大声呼救without thinking twice没有多想get off下车
have a heart problem有心脏病thanks to多亏，由于
in time及时on time准时
get into trouble遇到麻烦
right away立刻，马上
put a bandage on sth.用绷带包扎run sth. under water在水流下冲洗r feel sick感到恶心
have a nosebleed流鼻血
put one’s head back头后仰
get hit on the head头部受撞击mountain climbing登山运动
be in control of掌握，管理
in a difficult situation在困境中lose one’s life 丧命
take risks冒险
give advice提建议
二、1. back
n.背，背部at the back of…在…的后面
adv.回原处，往回去go/get back返回give back 归还
2. hand
n.手hand in hand 手拉手
v.交给，传递hand in 上交hand on 依次传递hand out 分发
3. with prep.
具有，表示某物具有某种特征反义词without
coffee with sugar 加糖的咖啡China is a country with long history.
和…在一起talk/play with sb. I like to talk freely with my friends.
用…，使用某种工具Cut it with a knife. Write with a pen.
作状语He came in with a big smile.
4. need v.需要，用于肯定句是实义动词
作为情态动词仅用于否定结构和疑问句或if/weather引导的宾语从句need sth. 需要某物I need your help.
人做主语sb. need to do sth.某人需要做某事Do you need to drink more water?
物做主语sth. need doing sth.=sth. need to be done 表被动
The car needs repairing. = The car needs to be repaired.
needn’t = don’t have to 没必要mustn’t 禁止
Must I hand it in today? No, you needn’t. You can do it tomorrow.
5. lie→lay（过去式）→lain（过去分词）→lying（现在分词）躺，卧
to lie on your back/side/front 仰/侧/俯卧
lie→lied→lied-lying 撒谎She lies about her age.
lay→laid→laid→laying 下蛋，产卵The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birds’ nests.
6. sick/ill adj.生病的
sick 可放be（系动词）后作表语，也可放名词前作定语
be sick of 讨厌，厌恶…. sick person = patient 病人
ill只能放在be（系动词）后作表语be ill in hospital 生病住院
7. advice （不可数名词）建议，意见 a piece of advice/some advice
advice on sth. 对某事的建议
advise v. advise sb. to do sth He advised me to take a holiday.
advise doing sth. He advised taking a holiday.
8. run v.
跑步Running is good for health.sort out sth
经营run a company 经营公司
流动，流淌tears run from eyes
9. order
v.命令order sb. To do sth.命令某人做某事
The general ordered the army to put up tents. 将军命令军队搭帐篷。
预订,点，叫（饭菜等）Atanas ordered a salad from the local restaurant.
in order 为了...;以便....
n.顺序，次序keep in order
10. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be used to doing sth.习惯做某事be used to do sth.被用来做某事
11. sth. run out (物作主语) / sb. run out of sth （人作主语）
The gas runs out.=We run out of the gas.
12. mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着...
Making money doesn’t mean getting happiness.
13. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事了see sb. doing sth看到某人正在做某事
14. find it +adj.+to do sth. 发现做某事怎么样
She found it difficult to keep fit.
15. give up 放弃give in屈服give out 分发
三、反身代词
1. 构成
第一、二人称的反身代词构成：形容词性物主代词+self/selves 单数myself我自己 yourself你自己
复数ourselves我们自己 yourselves你们自己
·第三人称的反身代词构成：第三人称宾格+self/selves
单数himself herself itself 他/她/它自己
复数themselves 他们自己
2. 不能单独作主语，可以作主语的同位语，起强调作用
（误）Myself can finish my homework.
（正）I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
3. 常见搭配：
enjoy oneself = have fun=have a good time 玩得高兴
teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学introduce oneself to 自我介绍
by oneself = alone 独自help oneself to 随便吃
Unit 2
一、
clean up打扫
cheer up使…高兴
give/hand out分发
give away捐赠
volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事come up with提出；想出used to过去常常
be used to doing sth.习惯做某事put up张贴；搭建；举起
put off推迟
old people’s home养老院
care for照顾
at the age of…在…年纪时come true实现
try out试用；试行
try out for参加…选拔（试演）be busy with sth.忙于某事
be busy doing sth.忙于做某事take after与…像
fix up维修
disabled people残疾人
make a difference有影响，起作用right away/at once立刻，马上
set up 建立，设立
be similar to…与…相似
the look of joy快乐的表情
二、
1. help v./n.帮助helpful adj.有帮助的，热心的
help sb. (to) do sth. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事with/under the help of…在某人帮助下
help oneself/sb. (to sth.) 为自己、某人取用…
Can I help you to some more salad?
help sb. out 帮助某人摆脱困境He is always willing to help out.
can’t help doing sth.=can’t help but do sth. 情不自禁做…
I can’t help thinking that he knows more than he has told us.
2. sound/noise/voice区别
sound 指自然界中所有的声音，可悦耳也可噪音We heard a strange sound.
noise 指喧闹、嘈杂声等Please stop making so much noise.

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