专业英语八级英译汉（散文类）强化练习试卷1 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：    5. TRANSLATION
PART V    TRANSLATION  (60 MIN)
SECTION B    ENGLISH TO CHINESEDirections: Translate the following text into Chinese.
1．    For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness.    I’m lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up.  And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out.    Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hi
ding.  It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps, by looking again at each one as though it were a person.    It takes a while, as I watch the surf blowing up in fountains, but the moment comes when the world falls away,  and the self emerges again from the deep unconscious, bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood.
正确答案：    只有在我过于劳累的时候，在我长时间不间断工作的时候，或是在我感到内心空虚、需要充实的时候，我才会感到孤独。此外，当我巡回演讲完回到家中，或见过许多人讲过许多话后，心中满是纷乱的感受需要整理时，我偶尔也会感到孤独。    于是就有那么一小会儿，我感觉房子又大又空，而我不知道自己藏匿何处了。于是，我只有给花草浇浇水，挨个儿瞅瞅，仿佛它们是活生生的人一样，之后我才慢慢回自我。    回自我需要一些时间。当我看着水浪如喷泉般喷涌而出，身边的世界逐渐消逝时，那一刻才会到来，自我再次从迷茫的无意识中浮现，最近经历的种种也都随之而来，以待我去探究和慢慢领会。
解析：1．第二段中作者用了几个并列的排比句来描述自己在什么时候会感到孤独，翻译时可采用顺译法，使译文体现出这一修辞手法。2．第二段中的第一句“…for the time being I fe
el empty and need filling up．”中，for the time being译为“一时，眼下”，feel empty指“感到内心空虚”，need filling up指“需要充实”，即“需要有所慰藉”。3．第二段第二句“And I am lonely…after a lecture trip，…that needs to be sorted out．”中，and可译为“此外”，a lecture trip的意思是“巡回演讲”。to sort out是“整理，梳理”的意思。4．第二段第二句中，be full to the brim，指“作者的经历太多，以至于感到心里有太多的东西快要放不下了”。brim意为“边，边缘”。5．第三段第一句中，for a while意为“一时间，一会儿”，the house feels huge and empty表现作者当时的心境，即“感到房子又大又空”。6．第三段第二句中“It has to be recaptured slowly by…it were a person”第一个代词it指myself，即自我，第二个it指植物，即作者把一株一株植物当做有思想的人来看待，与它们交流，来排遣自己的孤独。be recaptured意为“再捕捉回来，再现”。7．最后一段是个很长的复合句，主干结构为：It take…，but…and…，可用顺泽法进行翻译。8．fall away意为“消失”，the deep unconscious意为“高度无意识”，to be explored意为“探索，探究”。 知识模块：英译汉（散文）
2．    It is simple enough to say that since books have classes—fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet f
sortout翻译
ew people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice. If you hang back, and reserve and criticise at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible fineness, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.
正确答案：    然而，很少有人要求从书籍中能得到些什么。我们读书常常带着模糊不清、互相抵触的观念，要求小说为真，诗歌为假，传记为誉，史书佐证己见。我们读书时若能抛弃所有这些先人之见，那么读书将会是一个极好的开端。不要对作者发号施令，而应该试着站在作者的角度，成为他的同伴和合作者。如果读书伊始便固步自封、处处设防，甚至批评挑
剔，那么你就无法尽可能多地从阅读中获得最大的价值。但是如果你能尽量敞开心扉，那么书中那些极细微的精妙之处和暗示都会从开头曲折婉转的语句中显现出来，由此。一个与众不同的人物形象将跃然呈现于你面前。
解析：1．第二句“Most commonly we come to…our own prejudices．”中有几个并列结构，即ask of的四个宾语成分，可采用顺译法，按照原文的结构进行翻译就可以了。2．divided的本义表示“分开的，有区别的”，但根据文章后面的描述，指的是对所读书籍的矛盾看法，在此译为“相互抵触的”。3．flattering的意思是“谄媚的，讨人喜欢的”，在文中应指传记的内容应该讨好所写对象，可译为“讨人欢心的，唱赞歌的”。4．false的本义为“假的，虚伪的”，在文中是指“虚构的”。5．第四句“Do not dictate to your author；try to become him．”中的dictate to someone是“对某人发号施令”的意思，文中指读者要求作者按照自己的要求去写；try to become him是指读者看书时要站在作者的角度去读。6．第五句“Be his fellow worker and accomplice．”中accomplice的本义是“同谋者，帮凶”，文中指读者在读书时能够与作者站在同一立场，理解作者的思想。7．第六句“If you hang back，and reserve…what you read．”中hang back和reserve都指在读书时对书中内容或作者的观点持有不同意见，从而会产生偏见。8．最后一句“But if you open your mind…imperceptible fineness，…a human b
eing unlike any other．”中的imperceptible fineness指文中读者难以读出来的佳言妙句或写作手法等。 知识模块：英译汉（散文）
3．    I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May, that it was Easter Sunday, and as yet very early in the morning. I was standing at the door of my own cottage. Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation, but exalted, as was usual, and solemnized by the power of dreams. There were the same mountains, and the same lovely valley at their feet; but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height, and there was inter space far larger between them of meadows and forest lawns; the hedges were rich with white roses; and no living creature was to be seen except that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the graves, and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had tenderly loved, just as I had really seen them,  a little before sunrise in the same summer, when that child died.

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