五年级英语一般现在时详解及练习
一、一般现在时(The Simple Present Tense)
(一)什么是一般现在时??
1.表示现在的状态:e.g. He’s twelve.
2.表经常或习惯性的动作,常与频度副词连用。
e.g. He reads English every morning.
3.表主语具备的性格、能力和兴趣爱好等: e.g. She likes noodles.
4.普遍真理和自然规律: e.g. The moon goes around the earth.
(二)一般现在时的时间状语——频度副词
always(一直), usually(通常),often(经常), sometimes(有时), seldom(不常),
never(从不).
副词短语:every day(每天), every morning,every+时间.
once a day(每天一次), twice a week(每周两次), three times a day.(每天三次)
three times a week(每周三次)
【小试牛刀】判断以下句子的时态。
1. He is a worker.
2. I played basketball yesterday.
3. My father goes to work by car every day.
4. Xiaoling always studies hard.
5. Jiamin sometimes plays computer games.
6. She is reading an English book.
7. My mother is going to Shanghai tomorrow.
8. You should take the medicine three times a day.
一般现在时态时要注意第三人称单数的问题
第三人称单数
首先,咱们要搞清楚第一、第二、第三人称各是什么。第一人称就是“我”和“我们”。第二人称是“你”和“你们”。第三人称单数是“他”、“她”和“它”,复数则是“他们”、“她们”和“它们”。
下面我们归纳一下第三人称单数的用法:
一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如:
He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。
It looks at a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如:
①Han Mei looks at her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
③Uncle Wang makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①A horse is a cute animal. 马是有用的动物。
②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。
③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红的。
④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。
四、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:
①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。
②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。
三单动词变化规则
第1、大多数实义动词在词尾加“s”
stop---stops [s] make---makes [s] play---plays [z]
第2、以辅音字母+”y”结尾的,要先将”y”变为”I”, 然后再加“es”, 读[iz].
fly---flies [z] study---studies [z]
第3、以“s、x、ch、sh”结尾的动词在词尾加“es”发音为/ iz/
watch---watches [iz]
第4、以“o”结尾的动词,在词尾加“es”。 常出现的两个以“o”结尾的动词go和do后加“es”读/ z / 。
go→goes / z / do→does / z /
第5、记住最为特别的be的三单is ,have的三单是has。
练一练
将下列动词换成三单形式
do_______ go_______ have________
play______ try_______ get__________
watch______ see_______ draw________
wash______ fly_______ help________
want______ eat_______ say________
【实战演练】:用动词的适当形式填空:
1.John ________(go) to school by bike every day.
2.Kate often __________(play) table tennis with her friends after school .
3.My mother usually ________(go) shopping and ________(buy) some vegetables .
4. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
5. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
6. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
7. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
8.. Mike _______(like) cooking.
9. You always _______(do) your homework well.
10. -What day _______(be) it today? - It’s Saturday.
(四)一般现在时的各种句式变化
根据中文造句子。
(1)我是一位学生。
我不是一位学生。
你是一位学生?
(2)她喜欢看电视。
她不喜欢看电视。
她喜欢看电视吗?
句型转换方法
一、 肯定句改否定句的方法——一步法
1、 在be动词后加not。如:is not , are not , am not,
Eg: He is a student.------ He is not a student.
They are good friends.------They are not good students.
I am his brother.------I am not his brother.
2、 在can,后加not。如:cannot
Eg: I can play football.-----I cannot play football.
3、 上述都没有的,在动词前加助动词否定形式don’t/doesn’t
Eg: I go to school by bike every day.----I don’t go to school every day.
She likes playing football.----She doesn’t like playing football.
4、 some 改成any。
Eg: There are some students in the classroom.----There aren’t any students in the classroom.
二、 肯定句改一般疑问句的方法——三步法
1、 把be动词放在句首,剩下的照抄,(some 改成any,my改成your等)句点改成问号。
Eg: She is Tim’s sister.---- Is she Tim’s sister?
They are boys.----Are they boys?
There are some eggs on the table.----Are there any eggs on the table?
It’s my bag?----Is that your bag?
2、 把can放到句首,剩下的照抄tabletennis的中文,(some 改成any,my改成your等)句点改成问号。
Eg: My mot her can cook.----Can your mother cook?
I can eat some bread.----I can’t eat any bread.
I can play table tennis.----Can you play table tennis?
3、 上述都没有的,在句首请助动词Do/Does帮忙,剩下的照抄,(some 改成any,my改成your等)句点改成问号。
Eg: They play tennis after school.---- Do they play tennis everyday?
She goes running with her brother.---- Does she go running with her brother?
I want to eat some ice creams. ---- Do you want any ice creams?
三、 肯定句改特殊疑问句的方法——四步法
1、在一般疑问句的基础上,句首添加一个疑问词即可,可根据划线部分确定是什么疑问词。主要的疑问词有:what(什么) when(时间) what time(几点) where (地点)
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