3.the internet of thingstablet monitor驱动程序
                        3.物联网
    In 2005, the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) entered the limelight. The IoT should be designed to connect the world’s objects in a sensory manner. The approach is to tag things through radiofrequency identification (RFID), feel things through sensors and wireless networks, and think things by building embedded systems that interact with human activities.
    在2005，物联网概念进入了聚光灯下。物联网应该被设计用来连接世界的物体以感觉的方式。该方法是通过射频识别（射频识别）的东西，感受到的东西，通过传感器和无线网络，并认为事情通过构建嵌入式系统与人类活动的互动。
  Ⅰ. ubiquitous computing
  Ⅰ. 无处不在的计算
    Ubiquitous computing is a post-desktop model of human-computer interaction in which info
rmation processing is integrated into everyday objects and activities. For daily activities, people may engage in using many pervasive devices simultaneously. They may not even be aware of the existence of the interactive devices. Although the idea is simple, its application is difficult. If all objects in the world were equipped with minusculeidentifying devices, daily life on our planet could undergo a major transformation.
普适计算是一种将信息处理集成到日常的对象和活动中的人机交互的桌面模型。对于日常活动，人们可以同时使用许多普适的设备。他们甚至可能不知道互动设备的存在。虽然想法很简单，但它的应用很难。如果世界上所有的物体都配备了minusculeidentifying设备，日常生活在我们的行星可能经历一个重大转变。
The IoT cannot be realized without systems design and engineering, and user interfaces. Contemporary human-computer interaction models, whether command-line, menu-driven, or GUI-based, are inappropriate and inadequate to meet ubiquitous computing demands. The natural IoT paradigm appropriate to a ubiquitous computing world has yet to emerge. Contemporary devices that lend support to ubiquitous computing include smartphones, tablet computers, sensor networks, RFID tags, smart cards, GPS devices, and others.
没有系统的设计和工程，以及用户界面，物联网是无法实现的。现代人机交互模型，无论是命令行、菜单驱动还是基于图形界面的，都是不恰当的，不足以满足普适计算的需求。一个无处不在的计算世界的自然物联网模式尚未出现。现代的设备，支持无处不在的计算，包括智能手机，平板电脑，传感器网络，无线射频识别标签，智能卡，全球定位系统设备，和其他。
In ubiquitous computing, the IoTprovides a network of sensor-or radio-connected devices that can be uniquely identified and located in the cyber-physical space. This IoTis mostly wirelessly connected as a self-configuring network of radio-frequency tags, low-cost sensors, or e-labels. The term “IoT” combines RFID technology with today’s IPv6-based Internet technology. All things (objects) have IP addresses, which can be uniquely identified. The IP-identifiable objects are readable, recognizable, locatable, addressable, and /or controllable via the Internet, aided by RFID, Wi-Fi, ZigBee, mobile networks, and GPS.
in the iotprovides ubiquitous Computing，无线传感器网络连通或of uniquely Devices and th
at can be located in the identified网络物理空间。这是你iotis wirelessly连通网络自配置无线电频率标签，低成本的传感器，或电子标签。术语“动”的方式与今天的RFID技术的基于IPv6的网络技术。All Things have（对象）的IP地址，which can be identified uniquely。the objects are转换为IP寻址locatable recognizable，，，，和/或通过辅助controllable by the Internet，RFID，ZigBee、Wi-Fi、GPS和移动网络。
Ⅱ. Enabling and Synergistic Technologies
Ⅱ。启用和协同技术
Many technologies can be applied to build the IoT infrastructure and specific IoT systems for special application domains. Supportive technologies are divided into two categories. Enabling technologies build up the foundations of the IoT. Among the enabling technologies, tracking (RFID), sensor networks, and GPS are critical.
许多技术可以应用于构建物联网基础设施和特定的物联网系统的特殊应用领域。支持技术分为2类。有利的技术建立了物联网的基础。在有利的技术，跟踪（射频识别），传感器网络，和全球定位系统是至关重要的。
RFID is applied with electronic labels or RFID tags on any objects being monitored or tracked. The tags may be applied to any objects, such as merchandise, tools, smartphones, computers, animals, or people. The purpose is to identify and track the objects using radio waves or sensing signals. Some tags can be read from tens or hundreds of meters away via a wireless reader. Most RFID tags contain at least two major parts. Oneis an integrated circuit for storing and processing information, modulatingand demodulating a radio-frequency (RF) signal, and other special functions. The other part is an antenna for receiving and transmitting the radio signals.
在任何被监视或跟踪的物体上应用电子标签或射频识别标签。标签可以应用于任何对象，如商品、工具、智能手机、计算机、动物或人。目的是利用无线电波或感应信号来识别和跟踪物体。一些标签可以读取从几十或几百米以外通过无线阅读器。大多数的射频识别标签包含至少2个主要部分。一个集成电路用于存储和处理信息，调制方式解调射频（RF）信号，和其他特殊功能。另一部分是接收和发射无线电信号的天线。
Today’s sensor networks are mostly wireless, and are known as wireless sensor networks (
WSNs). A typical WSN consists of spatiallydistributed autonomous sensors to cooperativelymonitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion, or pollutants. The development of wireless sensor networks was motivated by military applications such as battlefield surveillance. WSN technology is now used in many industrial and civilian application areas, including process monitoring and control, machine health monitoring, environment and habitat monitoring, health care and home automation, and intelligent traffic control.

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