Linggu Temple （11分30秒）
一．景点概况（1分钟）
1、灵谷寺的历史沿革                          2、御赐“天下第一禅林”                                                           
3、“国民革命阵亡将士公墓”的由来
  1. We have arrived at the Linggu Temple Scenic Area located on the eastern suburb of Nanjing.In the Liang Dynasty,an eminent monk Baozhi passed away,Emperor Wudi buried him at the site of the present Ming Tomb and built Kaishan Shed which was later named as Jiangshan Temple.
  2. In the early days of the Ming Dynasty,Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang chose this place to build his tomb,thus the temple had to be moved at the present site and was named as the Linggu Temple with an inscription “The First Buddhist Forest in the World ”. However,the original temple was destroyed in the war.
  3. In 1928,KMT Government of the Republic of China chose the former site of Linggu Temple as the cemetery in memory of officers and soldiers killed in the Northern Expedition War. Later ,its name was changed into Linggu Park.
二．万工池、文武方门、大仁大义坊（2分钟）
1、“万工池”名称及其由来   
2、文武方门的建筑特点、门匾和题者、以及门前石狮的由来
3、大仁大义坊的建筑特点、正面和背面的匾额、貔貅的作用和来历
1. This semi-circular pond is called Wangong Pond.It earned its name because as a legend goes,it was built by ten thousand military armymen and civilians ordered by Zhu Yuanzhang.
  2. Passing through Wangong Pond,we can see Hongshan Gate,the front gate of Linggu Temple.It was Jinggang Hall of Linggu Temple.During the period of the Republic of China,th
e gate of cemetery for the dead officers and soldiers was built on the hall site.With three arch-gates in front,the gate is featured by single eaves and gable roof.It was originally carved with “Cemetery for Officers and Soldiers killed in the National Revolution” inscribed by Jiangjieshi,former president of KMT Party.But it is now replaced by “Wonderful Linggu Scenery” inscribed by Qian Songnie,a famous calligrapher and painter. This pair of stone lions in front of the gate was donated by Beiping Army Branch when the cemetery was constructed.
  3. Entering Hongshan Gate,there is a big memorial archway 10-meter high with six columns,five doors and eleven stories.It was put up with reference to the big memorial archway of the Ming Tomb in Beijing.  The memorial archway is embedded with the emblem of KMT Party.The lintel of the middle door is carved with 4 Chinese characters “Great Justice and Virtue” in front face and “Salvation of the Nation and People”tablet英文on the back. They were written by Zhang Jingjiang,a senior senator of KMT Party.  On the stone terrace in front of the archway,there is a pair of stone animals named Pixiu engraved with white marble.It was donated by the original the Seventeenth Route Army for symbolizing th
e loyalty,courage and power of officers and soldiers killed in the war.
 
三．无梁殿（2分30秒）
1、建造时间、规模和特
2、内部陈设： 中拱佛台、四壁所嵌110块青石碑及辛亥革命名人蜡像的内容
1.Walking through memorial archway,we can see this big hall which is the only building of the Ming Dynasty preserved in Linggu Temple.It derived its name of Beamless Hall because it uses brick structures instead of wooden beams often seen in ancient Chinese buildings.During the period of the Reparblic of China,it was turned into a sacrificial hall in memory of officers and soldiers killed in the National Revolution.54 meters wide from the east to the west,38 meters in vertical depth and 22 meters high.this hall is featured by overlapped eaves and nine ridges on the top as well as three Lama Towers on the main ridge.
  2.Within the Beamless Hall,there are three rows of tubular arches horizontally,with the central arch being the biggest.At the right center,there are three arch niches which were used for erecting three Saints of the West.In 1928,this hall was turned into the sacrificial hall for officers and soldiers killed in the Northern Expedition War.At present,right in the center of the middle arch is “The Bier for the National Revolutionary Martyrs”,with “The Last Will of Dr.Sun Yat-sen”in the east and the “National Anthem of the Republic of China”in the west.There is an octagonal-shaped lighting hole on the hall roof which can produce the effect of the Buddhist radiance.  On the walls of the Wuliang Hall are inlaid with 110 tablets made of grey stones from Taihu Lake arranged according to the battlefield of death,military unit as well as rank and title of the dead officers and soldiers during the period of the Republic of China.Names of 33,000 dead officers and soldiers are engraved for commemoration.The early 1990s saw the establishment of the “Wax Museum for Celebrities of the Revolution of 1911”,realistically re-demonstrating the characters and historical events during the period of the Revolution of 1911.
 
四．一号公墓、松风阁（1分30秒）
1、一号公墓的位置                    2、公墓的主人                                             
3、墓地的建造特点及周边绿化          4、松风阁的建筑特点及名称演变
1.2. Behind the Beamless Hall is a big lawn which was the former site of Wufang Hall of Linggu Temple.During the Period of the Republic of China,it was reconstructed into No.1 cemetery for dead officers and soldiers,with Western enclosure as its exterior wall.In the cemetery,there were 1600 graves for burying 1000 officers and soldiers who were killed in the Northern Expedition War and Anti-Japanese War by the means of representative funerals.Among them,there are 128 martyrs who died in Songhu Anti-Japanese Battle,symbolizing memory of the “1.28”incident for ever.
  3. There is a tall and lush osmanthus tree in the flower bed in the center of the cemetery park,which is called the king of osmanthus tree in Nanjing.Here is the main meeting venue for Linggu Osmanthus Festival in every autumn.

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