部编小升初小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧
（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。
1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。
这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary,
A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等
2小学的说明，科普类短文都十分浅显，只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的，如,Time, the Spring
Festival .等，即使文章较长，问题也十分明显，从文中都能到答案.
同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.
1.Sam is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes
them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).
Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know what you ate for breakfast this morning.”
“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.
“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”
前天)!”
“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(
(  )(1).Who is Sam?
A. He is English.
B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.
(  )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”？
坏的“ D It’s “
干净的”C It’s “
好的”
A. It’s “　
脏的“. B It’s “
(  )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth?
A Eggs.
B Soap
C Water
D Bread
(  )(4) Which of these is not wrong?
A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day.
B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.
C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all.
D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle.
2.Hen(母鸡): There is some rice here. Eat it like this,my children.
Chickens: Like this, Mother?
Hen: Yes,that’s right, good.
Eagle(鹰): There are some chickens here. I want to eat them.
Hen: Don’t worry, my children . Let me do with it.
Eagle:Can you let me eat some chickens,Mrs.Hen?
猎人)near here.
Hen:No, you can’t. There is a hunter(
Eagle: I must go now.
Hen: Let’s go home, my children.
Chickens: All right.
(  )(1) The chicken likes to eat the ____.
A hen
B rice
C chicken
D his children
(  )(2) The hen _____look after her children.
A can
B can’t
C is
D isn’ｔ
(  )(3)______saves the chickens.
A The hunter.
B The hen
C The eagle
D A man
(  )(4)The eagle can’t eat_____ at last.
A the chickens
B go.
C the hunter
D the hen
（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：
（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息
cold怎么读
以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明
文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻文
章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的
主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。
（2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后
加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什
么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。
（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释
法。
（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一
个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主
旨和作者意图的最佳答案。
（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？
１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的
方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原
因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先
提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。
２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文
章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按"总-分-总"这一思路来写的。因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进
一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。
３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后
带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。
４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识
或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就
容易多了。
5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，
解题时要"带着问题读查短文"分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。
6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，
你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是
概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题
要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解并判断句子的正误。
I have a cousin. He is only four years old. Today I go to a library with him. He doesn't know the signs. I tell him about the signs. This sign means "Be quiet". We should not shout in the library.
That sign means "No eating or drinking". We can't eat or drink here. My cousin knows a lot about
the signs in the signs in the library after I tell him.
（1）My cousin is five years old.
（2）We are in the supermarket.
（3）My cousin knows a lot about the signs in the signs in the library after I tell him.
（4）We can eat and drink in the library.
（5）We shouldn't shout in the library.
【答案】（1）0
（2）0
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍主人公给堂弟介绍布告牌的事情。
（1）句意：我堂弟5岁。根据He is only four years old.可知他四岁，故答案为：错误。
（2）句意：我们在超市。根据Today I go to a library with him.可知他们在图书馆，故答案为：错误。
（3）句意：我告诉他之后我堂弟知道了很多关于布告牌里的布告。根据My cousin knows a lot about the signs in the signs in the library after I tell him.可知我告诉他之后我堂弟知道了很
多关于布告牌里的布告。，故答案为：正确。
（4）句意：在图书馆里我们能吃喝。根据We can't eat or drink here. 可知在图书馆里我们不
能吃喝，故答案为：错误。
（5）句意：在图书馆我们不应该喊叫。根据We should not shout in the library.可知在图书馆我们不应该喊叫。故答案为：正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览文章大意，把握细节。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出
正确判断。
3．阅读理解
(二)
This is my room. Near the window there is a desk. I often do my homework at the desk. You
can see some books, some flowers, a ruler and a pen on it. On the wall near the desk there is a picture of a cat. There is a clock above my bed. I usually put my football under my bed. There is a chair in front of the desk. I can see the trees and the roads outside when I sit there.
阅读短文，选择最佳答案。
（1）What can I do at the desk?
A. Play football.
B. See the trees and the roads.
C. Do my homework.
（2）What can you see on my desk?
A. Some books and flowers
B. A ruler and a pen
C. Both A and B （3）—Where is the picture?
—It's ________.
A. on the desk
B. on the wall
C. on the chair
（4）What's under the bed?
A. A ruler.
B. A football.
C. A cat.
（5）Are there any trees outside?
A. Yes, there are.
B. Yes, they are.
C. No, there aren't.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】通读短文，了解到作者的房间的样子，作者经常在房间里有书桌写作
业，在上面有许多东西，在墙上有一张图片，在床上方有一个钟，桌子下有个球，在前面
有一把椅子，作者可以透过窗户看到窗外面的景象。
（1）根据所给的短文，I often do my homework at the desk.我经常在书桌前做作业。故答案
为C.
（2）根据所给的短文，You can see some books, some flowers, a ruler and a pen on it. 你可以在上面看到一些书，一些花，一把尺子和一支钢笔。故答案为  C.
（3）根据所给的短文，On the wall near the desk there is a picture of a cat. 在书桌附近的墙上有一张猫的照片。故答案为  B.
（4）根据所给的短文，I usually put my football under my bed.我通常把足球放在床下。故答案为  B.
（5）根据所给的短文，I can see the trees and the roads outside when I sit there.当我坐在那里时，我能看见外面的树木和道路。故答案为  A.
【点评】考查阅读理解关键看懂短文，然后关键题目要求作答，选择合适的选项，符合题
意。
4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。
Danny loves winter, but he's always hot or cold! Danny wants to go outside to play in the snow. He is going to put on his hat, scarf, jacket, gloves and boots. Why? Because it's cold outside. Now he is putting on his hat, jacket, scarf and gloves. But he takes off his hat quickly. Why? Because he is hot.
（1）Danny loves spring.
（2）Danny wants to go outside to play in the snow.
（3）Danny is going to put on his hat, because it is cold outside.
（4）Danny takes off his hat quickly because he is cold.
（5）Danny is always hot or cold in winter.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】该短文主要介绍Danny喜欢冬天，但又怕热的事情。
（1）细节阅读，根据Danny loves winter得知喜欢冬天，故答案为：错误。
（2）细节阅读，根据Danny wants to go outside to play in the snow.得知她在去雪地里玩，故
答案为：正确。
（3）细节阅读，根据He is going to put on his hat, scarf, jacket, gloves and boots. Why? Because it's cold outside.得知因为外面很冷，故答案为：正确。
（4）细节阅读，根据ut he takes off his hat quickly. Why? Because he is hot.得知脱掉是因为
他热，故答案为：错误。
（5）细节阅读，根据 Danny loves winter, but he's always hot or cold!得知因为她总是又冷又热，故答案为：正确。
【点评】考查对篇章的把握和细节的辨别能力。答题时，紧扣文章中的关键词，做出正确
判断。
5．阅读理解读短文，选出最佳选项。Bob, Jack and Tom are friends. They like different kinds of food. Bob likes meat. He always(总是) eats meat. Sometimes(有时) he eats potatoes. He never (从不)eats tomatoes. Jack often (经常)eats soup. He sometimes eats meat. He doesn't like eggs. He never eats eggs. Tom likes ice cream. He always eats ice cream. He sometimes eats tomatoes and potatoes. He never eats soup.
（1）Bob, Jack and Tom are ________.
A. brothers
B. friends
C. sisters
（2）Bob ________ eats tomatoes.
A. never
B. sometimes
C. always
（3）Jack never eats ________.
A. eggs
B. soup
C. meat
（4）Tom doesn't like ________.
A. ice cream
B. soup
C. potatoes
（5）________ eat meat.
A. Bob and Jack
B. Bob and Tom
C. Tom and Jack
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】该短文主要介绍了 Bob, Jack 和 Tom三个好朋友分别喜欢的食物。
（1）细节阅读，根据  Bob, Jack and Tom are friends. 得知他们三个是朋友，故答案为：  B.（2）细节阅读，根据句子  He never (从不)eats tomatoes.得知他从不吃西红柿，故答案为：
B.
（3）细节阅读，根据句子He never eats eggs. 得知杰克从不吃鸡蛋，故答案为：  A.

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