Suspe nsion spri ng
悬架弹簧
In triducti on
介绍
In this chapter we will discuss ways to calculate(approximately)certa in properties of
在这一章中我们将讨论如何计算(约)的某些特性
suspension system springs . We will concentrate on spring rate and maximum stress
but
弹簧悬挂系统。我们将集中在春季率和最大应力而
also touch OU problems associated with usage , i. e., fatigue。 The types of springs
covered
也抚摸你相关的问题与使用,即,fatigue.the类型的弹簧盖
will in clude torsi on spri ngs , coil spri ngs , and leafspri ngs .
将包括扭力弹簧,螺旋弹簧,和 leafsprings。
The material covered is insufficient for detailed design engineering calculations--for
that
材料覆盖是不够详细的工程计算,设计 一一
the reader will have to go to the literature , especially the referenced SAE desig n hand-
读者将要去的文学,尤其是汽车设计方面的参考 一
books and spring manufacturers ' handbooks
书籍和弹簧 manufacturers'handbooks 。
21 . 1 Torsio n Spri ngs
21.1个扭转弹簧
In a torsi on spri ng the elastic properties ofa long thi n “ bar' ' in tors ion( twist)is used to
在扭簧的弹性性能的细长的酒吧去扭转(扭曲)是用来
produce a rectilinear spring rate that is comparable to that era coil spring , The spring
产生直线弹簧率相比,时代的螺旋弹簧,弹簧
load or forceis usually con verted to torque around the cen terl ine of the bar by means
负载或forceis通常转化为扭矩围绕中心线的酒吧的手段
of a lever arm at one or both (anti-roll bar)ends . Figure 21 . 1 gives the basic geometry
of
杠杆臂的一个或两个(防侧倾杆) en ds.figure21.1给出了基本几何
a tors ion spri ng .
扭转弹簧。
In practice the load is not always perpendicular to R throughout the entire twist angle ex-
实际负载不总是垂直于在整个扭角前 一
cursi on . Thus , in precise engin eeri ng desig n calculati ons , twist an gle correct ion
factors
cursion。因此,在精密工程设计计算,扭角校正因子
are iutrodueed(see Ref.7,for example) .
是 iutrodueed (见 ref.7,例如)。
The tors ion bar itself may have any nu mber of differe nt cross secti ons , ranging from
the
扭杆本身可能有任何数量的不同截面,从
most widely used circular bar to an oval bar or a rectaugular bar . In these notes we will
最广泛使用的圆棒椭圆形或矩形酒吧。我们将在这些笔记
focus ou the circular bar and the square bar 。 The configuration of the lever arm,R,is not
重点区圆棒和棒。配置的杠杆臂,,不是
important insofar as stress , spring rate , etc . , are concerned ; its only function is to
con vert
重要的应力,弹簧率,等等,是有关;其唯一职能是转换
W into a torque(WR)around the centerline ofthe bar . Ifthe wheel load is applied di-
到扭矩(西铁)围绕中心的酒吧。如果车轮负载应用迪 一
rectly at poin “ a" the spring rate is also the wheel rate
最近在点”春季率也是轮率。
Maximum Stress
spring怎么读怎么翻译最大应力
Whe n an exter nal torque is applied to a torsio n bar the resisti ng mome nt developed
can
当一个外部扭矩应用到扭杆抗时刻了
be expressed as a function ofthe bar's cross-sect ional geometry and the maximum shear
表示为一个函数的杆的横截面几何形状和最大剪应变
stress , f.developed in the bar . If we call the resisting moment M , we can find expres-
应力,f.developed在酒吧。我们呼吁抵制的时刻,我们可以到表达 一
sions for differe nt bar cross sect ions in any good engin eeri ng han dbook(for example
结论不同的酒吧截面在任何良好的工程手册(例如,
Ref. 19) . The resisting moment for a circular and a square bar are
ref.19 )。抗时刻为圆形和方形杆:
Circular bar : M=n d3f/16 , lb. -in (21 . 1)
圆棒:米=n伴奏/ 16磅,在(21.1 )
Squarebar : M=d3f/4.8 , lb. -in . (21 . 2)
Since resisti ng mome nt, M, is equal to the applied mome nt, RW (ig noring fricti on
自抗时刻,米,等于适用时刻,刻录(忽略摩擦力
torque), we can express maximum shear stress as:
扭矩),我们可以表达为最大剪应力:
Circular bar: f= I6WR/d3, psi (in. and lb. units) (21,3)
圆棒:=i6wr/ D,防扩散安全倡议(在。和磅单位)( 21,3 )
Square bar: f=4.8WR/d3, psi (21.4)
广场酒吧:=4.8wr/d3,防扩散安全倡议(21.4 )
In Eqs. (21.3) and (21.4) we can see that the maximum stress is directly proportional to
在均衡器。(21.3 )和(21.4 )我们可以看到,最大应力成正比
the applied torque, WR, and in versely proporti onal to the fun dame ntal dime nsion, d; it is
扭矩的应用,水利,和成反比的基本层面,开发;它是
not a fun cti on of bar len gth, L (which en ters into the determ in ati on of twist an gle and
不是一个功能的长度,我(进入确定扭角和
spri ng rate).
春季率)。
To make a direct comparis on betwee n the circular and the square bar we can focus on the
使直接比较的圆形和方形栏,我们可以专注于
maximum stress per un it applied torque.
最大应力单元应用扭矩。
Using the above equati ons we have
使用上面的方程,我们有
f/WR=k
男/西铁=钾
Circularbar : k=1 6/ n d3 psi/lb . -in_ (21 . 5)
circularbar :钾=16 / nD,防扩散安全倡议 /磅 in_ (21.5 )
Square bar : k- 4 . 8/d3 . Psi/lb . -in .
广场酒吧:钾-4.8/ D/磅在防扩散安全倡议。
Figure 21.2 is aplot of k vs . bar area , with equal d ' s keyed iThe plots show that for
图21.2是aplot钾vs.bar区,具有同等的紧张情节表明,。
equal cross-sectional area(and therefore equal weight for the sarfle length , L), the cir-
平等横截面积(因此同等重量的 sarfle长度,长),该局长 一
eular sect ion has a lower k . The differe nee is most pronounced at low equal area but di—
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