Unit 1
Section A
教学目标：掌握add, ask sb. for help, match, secret to等单词短语的用法
          掌握so that引导目的状语从句或结果状语从句等句型用法
词汇全解
1. add
add 可以用作及物动词，意为“加上，增加，添加；附加”。
Add some water to the tea.
Add three and seven and you will have ten
add也可用作不及物动词，意为“加；累积而成；起增添作用”。
短语
add in 算入  add to 增加  add up 合计  add up to 合计达......
These figures don’t add up right.
This added to our difficulties.
2. ask sb. for help
ask sb. for help 意为“向某人求助”。
My mother asked me for help yesterday.
The little girl asked the policeman for help.
拓展  ask的其他常见用法有：
( 1 ) ask sb. ( not ) to do sth. 意为“要求某人（不要）做某事”。
I asked him to come in.
( 2 ) ask sb. a question  意为“问某人一个问题”。
May I ask you a question?
( 3 ) ask sb. to some place 意为“邀请某人去某地”。
John asked me to his party.
3. by doing sth.
by doing为介词短语，在句中做方式状语。by是介词，意为“通过......；靠......”。by后接动词做宾语，常构成by doing 结构。
She learns English by reading English magazines.
辨析：by, with, in 与on
by
by + 交通工具或电信工具的名词（名词用原形且前面不加冠词）
They are talking by radio.
by + doing（表示行为方式）
I do that by taking notes.
with
with + 有形的、具体的手段或工具的名词（名词前有冠词或其他修饰词）
We walk with our legs.
in
in + 无形的、抽象的手段或工具的名词
Can you say it in English?
in + 墨水、颜料等原料名词
Don’t write a letter in red ink.
on
on + 交通工具或电信工具的名（名词用复数形式或前面有其他修饰词）
We learned French on the radio.
巧学妙记：
表示手段四兄弟，with有形in 无形，原形名词只用by，交通电信归属on，颜墨水就是in。
4. What about
?意为“......怎么样？”，相当于“?”，常用来征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议。
I think this is a good idea. What about you?
What about visiting the East Lake?
注意：
about为介词，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
5. aloud
aloud是副词，意为“大声地，出声地”。read aloud意为“大声读”。
The teacher read the poem aloud to the students.
辨析：aloud, loud与spring是什么意思1loudly
词
用法
aloud
做副词，强调为了让人听见而“出声”，也可表示“大声地”
loud
做形容词，意为“响亮的；大声的”，如：loud voice
做副词，意为“喧闹地”，此时与loudly可互换使用
loudly
做副词，意为“大声地”，多含有“嘈杂”之意
Please speak louder. I cannot hear you clearly.
Someone is knocking loudly at the door.
6. match
match可以用作及物动词，意为“和.....相配，和......相似，和......相一致；适应”。
The coat matches the dress.
It’s difficult to match the color of old paint.
match也可用作不及物动词，意为“相称，相配，相适合”。
注意：match A to B  将A和B相配
match A with B  将A和B搭配
You should match your deeds to our beliefs.你应该将你的行动与你的信仰保持一致。
Please match the answers with the questions. 请将问题和答案进行匹配。
7. that way
that way ( = in the way ) 意为“以那种方法，那样”。
这是way的一个搭配用法，这里的way有“方式，手段”的意思，前面的in指按照某种方式（做某事）。
How can you speak to your grandparents in that way?
In that way, I may learn to appreciate both kinds of music.
8. finish doing sth
finish 后如果跟动词，只能跟动名词。
It took us a week to finish painting the house.
助记：后接动词-ing形式做宾语的动词和短语
动词：finish, practice, consider, suggest, enjoy, miss, mind（顺口溜：完成练习考建议，喜欢错过（别）介意）
短语：be busy, look forward to, be used to; can’t help, give up, feel like, keep on （顺口溜：忙于期盼（要）习惯，不禁放弃想继续）
9. at first
at first意为“首先；最初”，在句中做状语。其反义短语为at last，意为“最后，终于”。
At first we used tools. Later we had machines.
辨析：at first与first of all
短语
意思
用法
at first
首先；最初
相当于in the beginning，与后来发生的事相对照
first of all
首先
相当于first，表示顺序，是时间上或一系列动作的开始，后面往往接next,then等
At first I didn’t want to go, but I soon changed my mind.
First of all, open the windows, then turn off the gas, and if necessary, call an ambulance.
助记：
at least 至少  at times偶尔；有时  at present 目前，现在  at last 最后，终于  at once 立刻；马上    at the moment 现在；此刻
10. word by word
word by word意为“一个字一个字地”，其中介词by表示连续或反复，意为“（一个）接着（一个）；（一个）又（一个）”。
Don’t read the article word by word.
拓展：和word by word结构类似的短语：
day by day
一天天地
step by step
一步步地
little by little
逐渐地
one by one
一个接一个地
11. sound
sound意为“听起来”，在这里做连系动词。连系动词的后面常接形容词做表语。类似动词还有look（看起来），taste（尝起来），get（变得），turn （变得）。
The music sounds sweet.
The leaves became yellow.
Our motherland is getting stronger every day.
注意：
一些动词如look, smell, taste, seem等用作连系动词表示状态，而其他一些动词如turn , get, become, go等也用作连系动词，但它们表示变化。
12. secret to
secret to ......的秘密。介词to在此意为“与......相匹配，与......相对应”，而不是“of”的意思。类似的用法还有：key to ...意为“......的钥匙”； 意为“......的答案”等。
She couldn’t find the key to the door when she got home.
Your answer to the question is right.
13. fall in love with
fall in love with ( sth. / sb. ) 爱上/喜欢上（某物/某人）
He has fallen in love with Mary.
He fell in love with science when very young.
辨析：fall in love with与be in love with
fall in love with和be in love with的意思相同，但前者表示动作，后者表示状态。
He fell in love with the young lady when he saw her for the first time.
He has been in love with the young lady for a year.
14. as well
as well 是副词短语，意为“也，还”。
Why don’t you come along as well?
They all do military training as well.

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