Section Ⅱ　Using language
1.responsible adj.(对事故，错误，罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的
❶The teachers will be responsible to the students.
老师将对学生负责。
❷Mike is responsible for designing the entire project.
Mike负责设计整个工程。
[归纳探究]
(1)be responsible to sb.    向某人负责
be responsible     负责做……
be     对……负责
(2)responsibility n.    责任心
[名师指津]　常见的“be＋形容词＋for”结构的短语：
be eager/      　渴望得到……
be famous/well­    以……闻名
be fit/    适合……
be     对……有益
be     感谢……
be     准备好……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Who is responsible ________ the operation of such vehicles (车辆) is not clear among car makers, consumers (消费者) and lawyers.
②Childhood activities help a child develop ________ (responsible), independence (独立)，confidence, and ability.
③Born in a traditional family, Rick was brought up to value ________________ (责任感) and sharing.
④To be successful, the first thing you need to do is __________________________________ (承担……责任) your actions.
2.aim v. 力求达到；瞄准　n. 目标；目的
❶The website is an English­language site, which aims to offer suppliers and consumers a direct means to communicate.
这是一个英文网站，它力求为供应者和消费者提供一个直接的交流方式。
❷The event is aimed at broadening our horizons and improving our reading ability.这个活动旨在拓宽我们的视野，提升我们的阅读能力。
❸Recently our school has held the Scholarly Campus activity with the aim of encouraging us students to read more books.
近来，为了鼓励学生读更多的书我们学校举办了学术校园活动。
[归纳探究]
      　
(1)be aimed at (doing) sth.    旨在……，目的是……
be aimed at sb.    针对某人，对象是某人(主语一般是物)
    力求做某事
(2)achieve one's aim    实现某人的目标
take aim at    瞄准；把目标对准
with the aim of(＝for the purpose of)    目的是；以……为目标
[图形助记]
He is aiming to break the world record in the 100 metres.他力争打破世界百米纪录。
[联想拓展] “动词＋at”构成的短语
正则化英语glance at 浏览  　laugh at 嘲笑
shoot at朝……射击    smile at 冲……笑
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①This project ________ (aim) at promoting the understanding of the people and the culture between the two countries.
②I will spare some time to participate in sports activities, ________ (aim) to build up my body.
③I am writing to you ________ the aim of introducing the Spring Festival to you.
3.observe v. 庆祝；观察；遵守；注意到
❶It is a tradition for the people here to observe the Spring Festival.这里的人们庆祝春节是一项传统。
❷She spent years observing and recording these animals' daily activities.她花了多年的时间来观察并记录这些动物的日常活动。
❸He observed the woman leaving by the back door.
他看到那位女士正从后门离开。
❹Is that a criticism or just an observation?
那是一种批评，还是只是一种观察评论而已呢？
[归纳探究]
   
(1)observe
(2)observation n.    观察；监视
[名师指津]
(1)observe sb. do sth. 强调看到某动作发生的全过程。
observe sb. doing sth. 强调看到某动作正在发生。
(2)observe sb. do sth. 变为被动语态时，要将do前省略的不定式符号to还原，即sb. be observed to do sth.
[即学即练]　写出下列句中observe的汉语意思/句型转换
①Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still observe the traditional customs.________
②The villagers observe the autumn harvest and look forward to the better crops next year.________
③He observed that Homer was still admired after two thousand years.________
④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.________
⑤The police observed the man enter the bank.(变为被动语态)
→The man ______________________ the bank by the police.
⑥When I passed his house, I observed that he was playing in his yard.
→When I passed his house, I ____________________ in his yard.
4.range n. 一系列；种类；范围
❶China is cooperating with many countries in a wide range of areas.中国和许多国家在广泛领域进行合作。
The dog stayed well out of range of the children.
这只狗离孩子们远远的。
❷There is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic.有证据表明，它们(北极熊)的活动范围遍及整个北极。
❸He has had a quantity of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor.
他做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。
[归纳探究]
(1)a wide range of    广泛的；大范围的
beyond/out of one's range    超出某人的能力范围
within the range of    在……范围之内
(2)range v.    (在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列
range    在……之间变化
[熟词生义]
Our conversation ranged over many topics.
我们的谈话涉及很多话题。(vt. 涉及，包含)
[巧学助记]　图解记忆range
[即学即练]　完成句子
①这次夏令营将给孩子们提供各种各样的活动。
The summer camping will offer ________________ activities for children.

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