考点四 不可数名词
英语中的名词根据数的范畴可划分为可数名词和不可数名词。前面能加数词的名词为可数名词。如:car, book, computer等;前面不能直接加数词的名词,也就是说需借助其它名词来表示量的名词为不可数名词。如:rice, meat, tea, cotton等。在使用不可数名词时,应注意以下几点:
1. 不可数名词前不能直接加数词或a (an)。切忌犯以下错误:a meat, two tea, 应说a piece of meat, two cups of tea。
2. 不可数名词无单复数变化,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如:
There is some milk in the glass. 杯里有一些牛奶。
Some food on the table goes bad. 桌子上的食物变质了。
3. 能修饰不可数名词的词有: much, a little, little, a bit, some, any, a lot of, plenty of等,以此来表示不确定的数量。如:
much bread 许多面包a little milk 一点牛奶a lot of work 许多工作
4. 表示具体的数量时应用单位词加of结构。如:
I bought two kilos of meat. 我买了两公斤肉。
He ate three pieces of bread. 他吃了三块面包。
Would you like a cup of coffee? 你想喝杯咖啡吗?
1.My first _________(impress ) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man .
2.Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big _________(commit) ,but now I know it was the best decision I ever made .
3.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _________ (competent).
（2018·新课标II卷·语法填空）This switch has decreased________(pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
【答案】pollution
【解析】考查词性转化。句意：这种转换减少了国家的一些主要湖泊里的污染。此处是及物动词decrease的宾语，所以用名词，故答案为pollution。
1. （2018·新课标III卷·语法填空）My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ________(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
【答案】scientist
【解析】 考查词形转换。根据句意可知作者的身份应是科学家而不是科学，故答案为scientist。
2. （2018·浙江·语法填空）Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ________(weigh) problems.
【答案】weight
【解析】 考查名词作定语。名词作定语表类别用处，此处指重量方面的问题，故答案为we
ight.
3.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.
A. advice                B. order                C. possibility            D. invitation
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。故选C。
4. （2016·全国新课标卷I·语法填空）Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top   61  (attract)... The nursery team switches him every few   69  (day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70(the) other is with mum — she never suspects.
【答案】attraction
【解析】考查名词。形容词top后面跟名词形式。
【答案】days
【解析】考查名词复数。few修饰复数名词。
5.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made.
A. assignment            B. association            C. acquisition    distribute名词形式        D. assumption
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。A 分配 B交往 C 获得 D假设
【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键词actually happening实际发生和instead of而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。
6.【2016·浙江】4. It is important to pay your electricity bill on time , as late payments may affect your ______.
A. condition            B. income              C. credit                D. status
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：准时付电费很重要，因为付晚了会影响你的信用。condition条件；income 收入；credit学分，信用（卡）
一 单句语法填空
1.Nowadays,an increasing number museums are open to visitors free, However ,free _________(admit ) might lead to some social problems as well .
2.Old people still want to see classic performances ,but they are obviously not the young
generation’s cup of _________.
3.Now that the banks are back on their feet ,we expect extraordinary _________(commit) from them to help rebuild the economy .
4.After three years of hard work ,his knowledge and _________(competent) were finally recognized in his school.
5.For sustainable development ,the government has decided to give _________(prefer) to those energy-conserving and environment-friendly businesses in many aspects .
7.Due to the _________(apply ) of this medical technology , some diseases can be treated at an early stage .
8. Zhangzhou City has gained a good _________(repute) for having successful hosted the Flower Expo.
9.The video, Under the Dome, has rapidly pushed the public _________(aware) about air pollution and encouraged people to join in efforts to make a difference.
10.After-living in Quanzhou for five years, she has developed quite an_________(affect ) for the city .
二 短文语法填空
For those who travel to China, the scenic spots and ancient civilization are ____1____(attract)things, and so is Chinese food and drink. Like music, dance and painting, eating is also an art in China and Chinese cuisine  ____2____(list)as one of the top in the field of world cuisines.
Nobody could tell exactly how many restaurants a specific city has, let alone the roadside eateries(饭馆) ____3____(distribute)in streets and back lanes. Wherever you would like to eat, in the restaurants ____4____ the roadside eateries, make sure that the restaurant is clean and the food has been ____5____(fresh)prepared and is hot.

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