陈才英语教育及辅导中心辅导老师：陈才
辅导学生：
2018年3月17日
【问题1】join, join in,take part in, attend怎么区分【一】join, join in, take part in, attend 在用法上主要有以下几种区别
【1】join则比较严肃，多指加入某个党派，组织，社会团体，参军并成为其中的一个成员。
(1)指加入某个党派，组织和团体等，成为其成员之一，意为：“参军、入团、入党”等。When did your brother join the army?
你哥哥什么时候参军的？
She joined the Young Pioneers.
她加入了少先队。
His son joined the army last year.
他儿子去年入伍。
I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.
我永远也忘不了入党的那一天。
He joined the Army five years ago.
他5年前参军了。
She joined a dance company which took her around the world.
她加入了一个舞蹈团，到世界各地去演出。
connect和join的区别
(2)表示你正在做什么，邀请别人一起加入，或者和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb. in (doing) sth.，根据上下文，in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。
Will you join us in the discussion?
你参加我们的讨论吗？
He'll join us in singing the song.
他将和我们一道唱歌。
We're going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us?
我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？
Will you join us for dinner?
请你和我们一起吃饭好吗？
would you like to join us?
你想加入我们吗
Would you join us in a walk?
你不同我们一起散步吗?
【2】join in多指参加小规模的活动如“竞赛，球赛、娱乐和游戏”等，常用于日常口语。Come along, and join in the ball game.
快，来参加球赛。
Why didn't you join in the talk last night?
昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？
Can I join in the game?
我可以参加这个游戏吗？
They all join in singing the song.
他们一起唱这首歌。
Come along, and join in t he ball game.
快，来参加球赛。
【3】take part in指参加众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，并发挥着一定作用，有时与join in可互换。
Will you take part in the English evening?
同我们一起参加英语晚会好吗？
All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning.
所有的学生都积极参加了大扫除。
We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation.
暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。
We often take part in physical labour.
我们经常参加体力劳动。
John takes part in many school activities.
约翰参加很多学校里的活动。
Thousands of students have taken part in demonstrations.
数千学生参加了游行。
【特别备注】take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。
We should take an active part in school activities.
我们应该积极参加学校的活动。
Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery.
林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制
Joe took an active part in the struggle.
乔积极参加斗争。
【4】attend是正式用语，及物动词，指参加或者出席会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等。句子的主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。
(1)表示主语“出席/参加会议”
He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow.
他明天要参加一个重要的会议。
The whole sales force attended the conference.
整个销售界的权贵都出席了这次会议。
The meeting will be attended by finance ministers from many countries.
很多国家的财政部长将出席会议。
He decided to attend the conference in person.
他决定亲自出席这次会议。
(2)表示主语“听课，上学，短训班”
I attended his lecture.
我听了他的讲课。
They were sent to hospitals to attend short-term training courses.
他们被派到医院去参加短训班。
All children are required to attend school.
所有的孩子都必须上学。
They attended college together at the University of Pennsylvania.
他们一起就读于宾夕法尼亚大学。
(3)表示主语“参加葬礼/追悼会”
Thousands of people attended the funeral.
数千人参加了葬礼。
Did you attend the memorial meeting?
追悼会你参加了吗?
(4)表示主语“参加婚礼/看演出”
He had to attend a wedding.
他要参加一个婚礼。
I promised to attend the show.
我答应去观看文艺演出。
备注：attend to 处理/料理（事情）；照顾/护理（某人）；注意/专心于；认真听课
(1)attend to sth 处理/料理某事
There are more pressing matters to be attended to today.
今天有更紧急的事情要处理。
The staff will helpfully attend to your needs.
工作人员会帮忙满足您的需求。
(2)attend to sth 注意/专心于某事
I will attend to the matter soon.
我一会会注意下这个事情的。
He attended to his business.
他专心于他的事务。
He didn't attend to the point you spoke of.
他没有注意到你说的要点。
(3)attend to sth 认真听课
Peter attends school, but doesn't attend to his lesson.
彼得上学去了，却没认真听课。
He did a ttend the lecture this morning, but somehow he did not seem to attend to it.今天上午他的确去听课了，可是不知怎的他似乎心不在焉。
以上表示参加的4个单词和短语区别总结为下面四点
【1】join则比较严肃，多指加入某个党派，组织，社会团体，参军并成为其中的一个成员。【2】join in多指参加小规模的活动如“竞赛，球赛、娱乐和游戏”等，常用于日常口语。【3】take part in侧重参
加某项众性、集体性的事业、工作或活动，突出参加者在其中发挥一定的作用。
【4】attend侧重于参加或出席会议，学术活动以及婚礼，葬礼，典礼等
【以上4个单词及短语对应练习】
【一】用take part in, join和join in的适当形式填空
【1】My brother___________________ the army in 2002.
【2】I didn't want to ____________________their argument.
【3】May I_______________________ the competition?
【4】We are playing football. Do you want to ____________________?
【5】You are welcome to _______________us.
【以下是对4个单词及短语巩固练习】
【一】选择题
【1】---Would you like to ______ us in this topic? ---Yes, I’d like.
A.join
B.join in
C.take part in
D.attend
【2】Every student wants to _______ the class meeting.
A.join
B.join in
C.take part in
D.attend
【3】My brother _______ the Army for 3 years.
A.has joined
B.has joined in
C.has been in
D.has attended
【4】I’d like to invite you to ________ my birthday party.
A.join
B.join in
C.take part in
D.attend
【5】Edison _______ light bulb
A.found
B.found out
C.invented
D.discovered
【6】---What are you ______ ? ---My wallet
A.finding
B.finding out
C.looking
D.looking for
【7】Please ________ broke the window of the classroom.
A.find
B.find out
C.invent
D.discover
【8】All of us must _____ the activity which will be held next week by our school.
A.join
B.join in
C.take part in
D.attend
【9】I have been _______ my wallet, but I can’t _____ it anywhere.
A.looking for,found
B.looking for,found out
B.C.looking for, discover    D.looking for, find
【10】She will _______ an important meeting next month.
A.join
B.join in
C.take part in
D.attend
【问题2】listen to, hear怎么区分
【一】listen to和hear详细用法及区别
【1】listen to强调听的动作或者听的过程，即是集中注意力有意识，留神地去听，尽量听清楚。Please listen to the teacher.
请听老师讲。
The boys are listening to the radio.
男孩们正在听收音机。
Listen to me please.
请听我说。
He spent his time listening to the radio.
他听收音机打发时间。
Sonia was not listening.
索尼娅没有用心听。
We listen for footsteps approaching.
我们留神听是不是有脚步声传来。
They're both asleep upstairs, but you don't mind listening just in case of trouble, do you?
他们都在楼上睡着了，但你不介意留神听着点以防万一吧？
【2】hear强调听的结果，既指有意识或者无意识听到或者听见，也含有偶然被动接受听，即指声音被动传进了耳朵。
I heard the music.
我听见了音乐声。
We are very glad to hear it.
我们非常高兴听到这件事情。
Suddenly I heard a strange noise.
我突然听到一个奇怪的声响。
I can hear you.
我能听到你说话。
She heard no further sounds.
她再没有听到别的声音了。
The trumpet can be heard all over their house.
喇叭声整栋房子都能听见。
【备注1】listen to, hear 后面都可以接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
【1】listen to sb do sth 听着某人做某事
I listen to Tom tell an interesting story.
我听着汤姆讲了一个故事。
【2】hear sb do sth 听见某人做某事
I hear someone come in.
我听见有人进来了。
【备注2】hear 后面还可以接现在分词作宾语补足语。
【3】hear sb doing sth 听见某人正在做某事
I hear someone calling me.
我听见有人正在叫我。
【备注3】hear 后面还可以接过去分词作宾语补足语。
【4】hear sth done 听见某事被做
I hear my name called.
我听见有人叫了我的名字。
【备注4】hear from 接到…的信（或电话）
Drop us a line, it's always great to hear from you.
给我们写封短信，能收到你的信总是让人很高兴。
The police are anxious to hear from anyone who may know her.
警方急切地希望任何可能认识她的人打电话来
【备注5】hear of sth/doing sth 听说某事/做某事
I was grieved to hear of the suicide of James.
听到詹姆斯自杀的消息，我非常伤心。
I will not hear of you making a trip to that place.
我不能让你到那个地方去.
My father would not hear of such a daring journey.
我父亲不会允许如此冒险的旅行.
【问题3】borrow, lend, keep怎么区分
【一】borrow, lend和keep详细用法和区别
【1】borrow 是借入，“从….借…”表示从他人处借某物供自己使用，属于瞬间动词不可以与时间段连用。通常与介词from搭配,borrow sth from sb/someplace从某人/某个地方借某物。
(1)borrow sth 表示借了某物
Can I borrow a pen please?
我可以借支笔吗？
He wouldn't let me borrow his clothes.
他不愿我借他的衣服。
Can I borrow your bike?
我可以借用你的自行车吗?
(2)borrow sth from sb 从某人借了某物
Don’t borrow money from her.
不要向她借钱。
Sam borrowed a car from his friend.
萨姆向他的朋友借来了一辆车。
He borrowed some money from her.
他向她借了一些钱。
(3)borrow sth from +地点名词表示从某地借了某物
I borrowed a book from the library yesterday.
我昨天从图书管借了一本书。
I couldn't afford to buy any, so I borrowed them from the library.
我一本书也买不起，只好从图书馆借。
【2】lend是借出，“把…借给….”表示把自己的物品借给他人使用，属于瞬间动词不可以与时间段连用。通常与介词to搭配,lend sth to sb把某物借给某人=lend sb sth借某人某物(1)lend sth to sb把某物借给某人=lend sb sth借某人某物
He lent his dictionary to me. （单宾语结构）
=He lent me his dictionary（双宾语结构）
他把字典借给我。
He lent his pen to me.
=He lent me his pen
他把他的钢笔借给了我。
He told me not to lend it to her.
他叫我别把它借给她。
She lent some money to him. （单宾语结构）
=She lent him some money（双宾语结构）
她借给他一些钱。
Will you lend me your jacket for a little while?
你能把上衣借给我穿一会儿吗？
I had to lend him ten pounds to take his children to the pictures.
我只好借给他10英镑，让他带孩子们去看电影。
【3】keep存放/保管/储存/借某物，keep是延续性动词，能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。You can keep the recorder for three days.
我的录音机你可以借用三天。
I have kept this book for one week.

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