专题09 定语从句
常考点09 定语从句
【典例1】
用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．Do you know the people and things ________ they are talking about?
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道他们谈论的人和事吗?分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people and things，关系词代替先行词people and things在定语从句中作talking about后的宾语，应使用关系代词引导该定语从句；又因当先行词既指人又指物时，只能使用关系代词that引导定语从句，本题中先行词people and things既有人又有物，所以只能用that引导该从句。故填that。
2．Technology has quickened the rate at ________ we communicate with the world around us.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：技术加快了我们与世界上的人进行交流的速度。这里是定语从句，先行词是 rate，在从句中作介词at的宾语，指物，用关系代词which，故填which。
3．The river the banks of ________ are covered with trees flows to the sea.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这条两岸长满树木的河流向大海。句中先行词为rivers，在定语从句中作the banks of 的宾语，介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，指物，只能用which，所以用关系代词which引导。根据句意，故填which。
4．Library is always the first place ________ he goes to when he feels upset.
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当他感到不安时，图书馆总是去的第一个地方。分析句子可知，空格引导定语从句，修饰place，先行词由序数词first修饰，在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that，故填that。
5．This is the boy ________ father died three years ago.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是父亲三年前去世的那个男孩。句中先行词为the boy，在定语从句中作名词father的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
6．Who is the person ________ is standing at the gate?
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：站在校门口的那个人是谁？句中先行词是the person，后面定语从句中缺主语，而且先行词是人，可以使用that/who都可以。因为本句前面已经有
了who，为了避免重复，所以本句使用that引导定语从句。根据句意，故填that。
7．People spoke highly of the driver ___________, in spite of the terrible weather, had saved his passengers from danger.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：人们高度评价那位司机，尽管天气恶劣，他还是把乘客从危险中救了出来。此处是定语从句，in spite of the terrible weather是插入成分，先行词是 the driver，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。
8．Mike's disappointment was shared by several players ______were present, some of______ were so upset that they shouted at the judge.
【答案】who whom
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：在场的几名球员也和迈克一样感到失望，其中一些人非常沮丧，对裁判大喊大叫。第一空为定语从句修饰先行词players，且先行词在从句中
做主语，指人，故第一空填who；第二空为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词players，且做介词of的宾语，指人应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
9．The person ______ made the speech here yesterday is a musician from the USA．
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天在这里作演讲的那个人是来自美国的音乐家。分析句子可知，本空是定语从句，先行词是the person，关系词指代并在从句中作主语，故填who或者that。
10．This is the man ________ I referred.
【答案】to whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我提到的那个人。分析句子结构以及句意可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”形式的定语从句，refer to表示“提到”，用关系代词whom指代先行词the man并在从句中作介词to的宾语，故填to whom。
11．He likes maths, ____he often helps others ____are weak in it.
【答案】and who
【详解】考查并列连词及定语从句。句意：他喜欢数学，他经常帮助在数学方面比较差的人。根据句意及所给句子可知，第一空连接的是两个并列句，应用并列连词and；第二空引导限定性定语从句，先行词是others，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填①and；②who。
12．He is the boy of ________we are proud in our school.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：他是我们学校引以为傲的男孩。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the boy，作be proud of的宾语，其中of提到关系词前面，且先行词指人，用of whom引导定语从句。故填whom。
小结：
关系词 | 先行词 | 从句成分 | 例句 | 备注 | |
that | 人、物 | 主语、宾语 | A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. | ||
which | html中的5种空格表示物 | 主语、宾语 | The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. | ||
as | 人、物 | 主语、宾语 | He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. | as作宾语一般不省略 | |
13．The reason ________ he was late was that he got up late.
【答案】why
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the reason，从句中是完整的主系表结构，关系副词why引导从句，在从句中作原因状语，符合句意。故填why。
14．We’re approaching a point ________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
【答案】where/when
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我们正在接近一个双方都将坐下来谈判的临界点。分析句子可知，空格处是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词point(地点；时刻、阶段)。关系词可代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示抽象地点概念，理解为“在这个点”，用关系副词where引导从
句；也可以代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，表示“在这个时刻”，用关系副词when引导从句。故填where/when。
15．I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
【答案】where
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：我已经到了应该自己做决定的年纪了。分析句子可知，a point为先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。
小结：
关系词 | 先行词 | 从句成分 | 例句 | 备注 | |
when | 时间 | 时间状语 | I will never forget the day when we met there. | 可用on which替换 | |
where | 地点 | 地点状语 | This is the house where I was born. | 可用in which替换 | |
why | 原因 | 原因状语 | I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. | 可用for which替换 | |
【典例2】
16．The teacher is good at creating an atmosphere ________the students can have fun.
【答案】where
【详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意：老师善于营造一种氛围，让学生们能够享受其中的乐趣。分析句子并根据空前的抽象地点名词atmosphere可知，空处应填连接副词where，引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
17．Can you think of an occasion ________ you can use this gesture?
【答案】when/where
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：你能想出一个可以用这个手势的场合吗？此处为定语从句修饰先行词occasion，先行词在从句中可理解为作时间状语或地点状语，用关系副词when或where引导。故填when/where。
18．I adore my English teacher because he can always create an atmosphere ________ all the students feel respected and care for.
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