专题09  定语从句
常考点09 定语从句
【典例1】
用单词的适当形式完成句子
1.Do you know the people and things ________ they are talking about?
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你知道他们谈论的人和事吗?分析句子可知,空格处为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词people and things,关系词代替先行词people and things在定语从句中作talking about后的宾语,应使用关系代词引导该定语从句;又因当先行词既指人又指物时,只能使用关系代词that引导定语从句,本题中先行词people and things既有人又有物,所以只能用that引导该从句。故填that。
2.Technology has quickened the rate at ________ we communicate with the world around us.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:技术加快了我们与世界上的人进行交流的速度。这里是定语从句,先行词是 rate,在从句中作介词at的宾语,指物,用关系代词which,故填which。
3.The river the banks of ________ are covered with trees flows to the sea.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这条两岸长满树木的河流向大海。句中先行词为rivers,在定语从句中作the banks of 的宾语,介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,指物,只能用which,所以用关系代词which引导。根据句意,故填which。
4.Library is always the first place ________ he goes to when he feels upset.
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:当他感到不安时,图书馆总是去的第一个地方。分析句子可知,空格引导定语从句,修饰place,先行词由序数词first修饰,在从句中作宾语,用关系代词that,故填that。
5.This is the boy ________ father died three years ago.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这就是父亲三年前去世的那个男孩。句中先行词为the boy,在定语从句中作名词father的定语,所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
6.Who is the person ________ is standing at the gate?
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:站在校门口的那个人是谁?句中先行词是the person,后面定语从句中缺主语,而且先行词是人,可以使用that/who都可以。因为本句前面已经有
了who,为了避免重复,所以本句使用that引导定语从句。根据句意,故填that。
7.People spoke highly of the driver ___________, in spite of the terrible weather, had saved his passengers from danger.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:人们高度评价那位司机,尽管天气恶劣,他还是把乘客从危险中救了出来。此处是定语从句,in spite of the terrible weather是插入成分,先行词是 the driver,指人,在从句中作主语,用关系代词who。故填who。
8.Mike's disappointment was shared by several players ______were present, some of______ were so upset that they shouted at the judge.
【答案】who    whom   
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:在场的几名球员也和迈克一样感到失望,其中一些人非常沮丧,对裁判大喊大叫。第一空为定语从句修饰先行词players,且先行词在从句中
做主语,指人,故第一空填who;第二空为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词players,且做介词of的宾语,指人应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
9.The person ______ made the speech here yesterday is a musician from the USA.
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:昨天在这里作演讲的那个人是来自美国的音乐家。分析句子可知,本空是定语从句,先行词是the person,关系词指代并在从句中作主语,故填who或者that。
10.This is the man ________ I referred.
【答案】to whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这就是我提到的那个人。分析句子结构以及句意可知,此处为“介词+关系代词”形式的定语从句,refer to表示“提到”,用关系代词whom指代先行词the man并在从句中作介词to的宾语,故填to whom。
11.He likes maths, ____he often helps others ____are weak in it.
【答案】and    who   
【详解】考查并列连词及定语从句。句意:他喜欢数学,他经常帮助在数学方面比较差的人。根据句意及所给句子可知,第一空连接的是两个并列句,应用并列连词and;第二空引导限定性定语从句,先行词是others,指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导。故填①and;②who。
12.He is the boy of ________we are proud in our school.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:他是我们学校引以为傲的男孩。分析句子可知,本句为定语从句,先行词为the boy,作be proud of的宾语,其中of提到关系词前面,且先行词指人,用of whom引导定语从句。故填whom。
小结:
html中的5种空格表示
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例句
备注
that
人、物
主语、宾语
A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which
主语、宾语
The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
as
人、物
主语、宾语
He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
as作宾语一般不省略
13.The reason ________ he was late was that he got up late.
【答案】why
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意:他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。分析句子可知,空格处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the reason,从句中是完整的主系表结构,关系副词why引导从句,在从句中作原因状语,符合句意。故填why。
14.We’re approaching a point ________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
【答案】where/when
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意:我们正在接近一个双方都将坐下来谈判的临界点。分析句子可知,空格处是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词point(地点;时刻、阶段)。关系词可代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,表示抽象地点概念,理解为“在这个点”,用关系副词where引导从
句;也可以代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语,表示“在这个时刻”,用关系副词when引导从句。故填where/when。
15.I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
【答案】where
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意:我已经到了应该自己做决定的年纪了。分析句子可知,a point为先行词,在定语从句中作地点状语,关系副词为where。故填where。
小结:
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例句
备注
when
时间
时间状语
I will never forget the day when we met there.
可用on which替换
where
地点
地点状语
This is the house where I was born.
可用in which替换
why
原因
原因状语
I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.
可用for which替换
【典例2】
16.The teacher is good at creating an atmosphere ________the students can have fun.
【答案】where
【详解】
考查定语从句连接词。句意:老师善于营造一种氛围,让学生们能够享受其中的乐趣。分析句子并根据空前的抽象地点名词atmosphere可知,空处应填连接副词where,引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
17.Can you think of an occasion ________ you can use this gesture?
【答案】when/where
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意:你能想出一个可以用这个手势的场合吗?此处为定语从句修饰先行词occasion,先行词在从句中可理解为作时间状语或地点状语,用关系副词when或where引导。故填when/where。
18.I adore my English teacher because he can always create an atmosphere ________ all the students feel respected and care for.

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