利⽤Python+xarray实现遥感数据——海表温度的经验正交函数（EOF）分解
——xa。。。
利⽤python实现⽓象遥感数据的EOF分解，研究其空间变化特征。EOF的原理不再细讲。
1. 安装eofs
conda install eofs
or
pip install eofs
2. 进⾏EOF分解
2.1 import 模块
import xarray as xr
import numpy as np
from eofs.standard import Eof
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
s as ccrs
import cartopy.feature as cfeature
from idliner import LONGITUDE_FORMATTER, LATITUDE_FORMATTER,mticker
import cartopy.mpl.ticker as cticker
2.2 EOF的实现
SST= xr.open_dataset(r"*****")['sst'].fillna(0.0)
cc = np.array(SST)
print(cc.shape)
lat = SST['lat']
fontweight属性boldlon = SST['lon']
coslat = np.cos(np.deg2rad(lat))
wgts = np.sqrt(coslat)[..., np.newaxis]
solver = Eof(cc, weights=wgts)
eof = fsAsCorrelation(neofs=3)# spatial
pc = solver.pcs(npcs=3, pcscaling=1)# temporal
var = solver.varianceFraction()# 解释⽅差
2.3 制图
fig_ax1 = fig.add_axes([0.1,0.8,0.5,0.3],projection = proj)
fig_ax1.set_extent([leftlon, rightlon, lowerlat, upperlat], crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
# 设置地图属性：加载国界、海岸线、
fig_ax1.add_feature(cfeature.COASTLINE.with_scale('50m'), linewidth=0.8, zorder=1)
fig_ax1.add_feature(cfeature.BORDERS.with_scale('50m'), linewidth=0.8, zorder=1)
fig_ax1.set_xticks(np.arange(leftlon,rightlon+5,10), crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
fig_ax1.set_yticks(np.arange(lowerlat,upperlat+5,10), crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
fig_ax1.xaxis.set_major_formatter(lon_formatter)
fig_ax1.yaxis.set_major_formatter(lat_formatter)
fig_ax1.set_title('(a) EOF1',loc='left',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold')
fig_ax1.set_title('%.2f%%'%(var[0]*100),loc='right',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold')
c1 = data0[0].plot(ax = fig_ax1,
transform =ccrs.PlateCarree(),
cmap = _cmap('RdBu_r'),
add_colorbar =False,
)
fig_ax2 = fig.add_axes([0.1,0.45,0.5,0.3],projection = proj)
fig_ax2.set_extent([leftlon, rightlon, lowerlat, upperlat], crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
#fig_ax2.add_feature(cfeature.OCEAN, zorder=0,color = 'white',edgecolor='black')
fig_ax2.add_feature(cfeature.LAND, color ='lightgray',zorder=1,edgecolor='black')
fig_ax2.add_feature(cfeature.COASTLINE.with_scale('50m'), linewidth=0.8, zorder=1)
fig_ax2.add_feature(cfeature.BORDERS.with_scale('50m'), linewidth=0.8, zorder=1)
fig_ax2.set_xlabel('x',fontweight ='bold')
fig_ax2.set_xlabel('x',fontweight ='bold')
fig_ax2.set_ylabel('y',fontweight ='bold')
fig_ax2.set_xticks(np.arange(leftlon,rightlon+5,10), crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
fig_ax2.set_yticks(np.arange(lowerlat,upperlat+5,10), crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
fig_ax2.xaxis.set_major_formatter(lon_formatter)
fig_ax2.yaxis.set_major_formatter(lat_formatter)
fig_ax2.set_title('(c) EOF2',loc='left',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold')
fig_ax2.set_title('%.2f%%'%(var[1]*100),loc='right',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold') c2 = data0[1].plot(ax = fig_ax2,
transform =ccrs.PlateCarree(),
cmap = _cmap('RdBu_r'),
add_colorbar =False,
)
fig_ax3 = fig.add_axes([0.1,0.1,0.5,0.3],projection = proj)
fig_ax3.set_extent([leftlon, rightlon, lowerlat, upperlat], crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
fig_ax3.add_feature(cfeature.LAND, color ='lightgray',zorder=1,edgecolor='black') fig_ax3.add_feature(cfeature.COASTLINE.with_scale('50m'), linewidth=0.8, zorder=1) fig_ax3.add_feature(cfeature.BORDERS.with_scale('50m'), linewidth=0.8, zorder=1) fig_ax3.set_xlabel('x ',fontweight ='bold')
fig_ax3.set_ylabel('y ',fontweight ='bold')
fig_ax3.set_xticks(np.arange(leftlon,rightlon+5,10), crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
fig_ax3.set_yticks(np.arange(lowerlat,upperlat+5,10), crs=ccrs.PlateCarree())
fig_ax3.xaxis.set_major_formatter(lon_formatter)
fig_ax3.yaxis.set_major_formatter(lat_formatter)
fig_ax3.set_title('(e) EOF3',loc='left',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold')
fig_ax3.set_title('%.2f%%'%(var[2]*100),loc='right',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold') c3 = data0[2].plot(ax = fig_ax3,
transform =ccrs.PlateCarree(),
cmap = _cmap('RdBu_r'),
add_colorbar =False,
)
cbposition=fig.add_axes([0.13,0.04,0.4,0.015])
fig_ax4 = fig.add_axes([0.55,0.808,0.40,0.285])
fig_ax4.set_title('(b) PC1',loc='left',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold')
fig_ax4.set_ylim(-3.0,3.0)
fig_ax4.axhline(0,line)
fig_ax4.plot(np.arange(1,len(cc)+1,1),pc[:,0])
fig_ax5 = fig.add_axes([0.55,0.458,0.40,0.285])
fig_ax5.set_title('(d) PC2',loc='left',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold')
fig_ax5.set_ylim(-3.0,3.0)
fig_ax5.axhline(0,line)
fig_ax5.plot(np.arange(1,len(cc)+1,1),pc[:,1])
fig_ax6 = fig.add_axes([0.55,0.108,0.40,0.285])
fig_ax6.set_title('(f) PC3',loc='left',fontsize =15,weight ='semibold')
fig_ax6.set_ylim(-3.0,3)
fig_ax6.axhline(0,line)
fig_ax6.plot(np.arange(1,len(cc)+1,1),pc[:,2])
#plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
2.4 结果展⽰
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