Matlab曲线绘制之线型和颜⾊⽰例
估计很多⼈会碰到，当绘制的曲线特别多的时候，需要⽤不同的颜⾊和线型区分开这些曲线。根据STC论⽂，⾃⼰整理了⼀个颜⾊和线型的例⼦，供⼤家直接使⽤，直接引⽤PlotStyle这个数据结构就可以了。
⽰例1
1 PlotStyle={
2 struct('Color',[1,0,0],'LineStyle','-'),...
3 struct('Color',[0,1,0],'LineStyle','-'),...
4 struct('Color',[0,0,1],'LineStyle','-'),...
5 struct('Color',[0,0,0],'LineStyle','-'),...% struct('Color',[1,1,0],'LineStyle','-'),...%yellow
6 struct('Color',[1,0,1],'LineStyle','-'),...%pink
7 struct('Color',[0,1,1],'LineStyle','-'),...
8 struct('Color',[0.5,0.5,0.5],'LineStyle','-'),...%gray-25%
9 struct('Color',[136,0,21]/255,'LineStyle','-'),...%dark red
10 struct('Color',[255,127,39]/255,'LineStyle','-'),...%orange
11 struct('Color',[0,162,232]/255,'LineStyle','-'),...%Turquoise
12 struct('Color',[163,73,164]/255,'LineStyle','-'),...%purple %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
13 struct('Color',[1,0,0],'LineStyle','--'),...
14 struct('Color',[0,1,0],'LineStyle','--'),...
15 struct('Color',[0,0,1],'LineStyle','--'),...
16 struct('Color',[0,0,0],'LineStyle','--'),...% struct('Color',[1,1,0],'LineStyle','--'),...%yellow
17 struct('Color',[1,0,1],'LineStyle','--'),...%pink
18 struct('Color',[0,1,1],'LineStyle','--'),...
19 struct('Color',[0.5,0.5,0.5],'LineStyle','--'),...%gray-25%
20 struct('Color',[136,0,21]/255,'LineStyle','--'),...%dark red
21 struct('Color',[255,127,39]/255,'LineStyle','--'),...%orange
22 struct('Color',[0,162,232]/255,'LineStyle','--'),...%Turquoise
23 struct('Color',[163,73,164]/255,'LineStyle','--'),...%purple %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
24 struct('Color',[1,0,0],'LineStyle','-.'),...
25 struct('Color',[0,1,0],'LineStyle','-.'),...
26 struct('Color',[0,0,1],'LineStyle','-.'),...
27 struct('Color',[0,0,0],'LineStyle','-.'),...% struct('Color',[1,1,0],'LineStyle',':'),...%yellow
28 struct('Color',[1,0,1],'LineStyle','-.'),...%pink
29 struct('Color',[0,1,1],'LineStyle','-.'),...
30 struct('Color',[0.5,0.5,0.5],'LineStyle','-.'),...%gray-25%
31 struct('Color',[136,0,21]/255,'LineStyle','-.'),...%dark red
32 struct('Color',[255,127,39]/255,'LineStyle','-.'),...%orange
33 struct('Color',[0,162,232]/255,'LineStyle','-.'),...%Turquoise
34 struct('Color',[163,73,164]/255,'LineStyle','-.'),...%purple
35 };
36
37 x = 0.1:.1:10;
38 len = length(PlotStyle)
39for i = 1:len
40 y = x.*log(x)+i*2;
41 hold on;
42 plot(x,y,'Color',PlotStyle{1,i}.Color,'LineStyle',PlotStyle{1,i}.LineStyle,'lineWidth', 2);%call method
43 end
44 title('多种颜⾊和线性的⽰例','FontSize',20,'FontWeight','bold','Color','k');
45 xlabel('x轴','FontSize',15,'FontWeight','bold','Color','k');
46 ylabel('y轴','FontSize',15,'FontWeight','bold','Color','k');
47 saveas(1, 'result', 'jpg');
效果如下图所⽰：fontweight属性bold
⽰例2
PlotStyle={
struct('Color',[123,0,150]/255,'LineStyle','-'),...
struct('Color',[1,0,160]/255,'LineStyle','--'),...
struct('Color',[0,137,4]/255,'LineStyle','-.'),...
struct('Color',[160,101,5]/255,'LineStyle',':'),...% struct('Color',[1,1,0],'LineStyle','-'),...%yellow struct('Color',[150,0,5]/255,'LineStyle','-')
};
x = 0:.1:10;
len = length(PlotStyle)
for i = 1:len
% y = x.*log(x)+i*2;
y = x.*sin(x)+i*2;
hold on;
plot(x,y,'Color',PlotStyle{1,i}.Color,'LineStyle',PlotStyle{1,i}.LineStyle,'lineWidth', 2);
end
title('多种颜⾊和线性的⽰例','FontSize',20,'FontWeight','bold','Color','k');
xlabel('x轴','FontSize',15,'FontWeight','bold','Color','k');
ylabel('y轴','FontSize',15,'FontWeight','bold','Color','k');
saveas(1, 'result2', 'jpg');
效果如下图所⽰：
⽰例3
clc;
close all;
%%数据⽣成
ya = [];
yb = [];
yc = [];
xa = [];
xb = [];
xc = [];
for i = 0:10
value0 = i*2+rand();
valuea = i*2+rand();
xa = [xa value0];
ya = [ya 2*valuea.^(0.6)];
valueb = i*2+rand();
xb = [xb valueb];
yb = [yb 2*valuea.^(0.7)];
valuec = i*2+rand();
xc = [xc valuec];
yc = [yc 2*valuea.^(0.5)];
end
xa = xa - min(xa);
ya = ya - min(ya);
xb = xb - min(xb);
yb = yb - min(yb);
xc = xc - min(xc);
yc = yc - min(yc);
figure(1);
hold on;
axis equal %强制坐标轴尺度相同，这个放在前⾯或者后⾯效果会不⼀样
xlim([022]);%x轴范围
ylim([014]);%y轴范围
%%绘制曲线
plot(xa,ya,'ms:','LineWidth',4,'MarkerSize',15,'Color', [100]);
x = xa(end);y = ya(end);
text(x-0.5,y+0.5,['(x_n,y_n)'],...
'FontSize',20, 'Color',[0.00.00.0], 'FontWeight','bold');
plot(xb(1:end-3),yb(1:end-3),'ro:','LineWidth',4,'MarkerSize',15,'Color', [001]);
x = xb(end-3);y = yb(end-3);
text(x-0.5,y+0.5,['(x_m,y_m)'],...
'FontSize',20, 'Color',[0.00.00.0], 'FontWeight','bold');
plot(xc(1:end-2),yc(1:end-2),'r<:','LineWidth',4,'MarkerSize',15,'Color', [010]);
x = xc(end-2);y = yc(end-2);
text(x-0.5,y+0.5,['(x_k,y_k)'],...
'FontSize',20, 'Color',[0.00.00.0], 'FontWeight','bold');
%坐标原点
x = xc(1);y = yc(1);
text(x+0.5,y+0.5,['(x_0,y_0)'],...
'FontSize',20, 'Color',[0.00.00.0], 'FontWeight','bold');
title('转归过程','FontSize',25,'FontWeight','bold','FontName','微软雅⿊');
%%坐标轴标题设置
xlabel('体质辨识x','Color','k','FontSize',20,'FontWeight','bold','FontName','微软雅⿊');%横轴标题
ylabel('疾病预报y','Color','k','FontSize',20,'FontWeight','bold','FontName','微软雅⿊');%纵轴标题
%设置legend
hleg = legend('体检者1','体检者2','体检者3','Location','NorthWest');%本⾝不能设置字体的⼤⼩，需要通过set进⾏设置set(hleg,'FontSize', 20, 'FontAngle','italic','FontWeight','bold',...
'Color',[1,1,1]);%Color为设置坐标的背景颜⾊
%%坐标轴刻度设置
set(gca, 'ytick',ya,'yticklabel',{'','','','','','','','','',''},'xtick',x,...
'xticklabel',{'','','','','','','','','',''}, 'color',[111],...
'FontSize',12,'FontName','微软雅⿊'); %xtick就是你要在哪些地⽅显⽰刻度，xticklabel就是显⽰什么内容
scrsz = get(0,'ScreenSize');
set(gcf,'Position',scrsz);
%%保存图像
set(1, 'InvertHardCopy', 'off');%设置的背景⾊有效，如果为on则图形不保存背景⾊，maltab 默认为 on
filename = 'test';
saveas(1,filename,'jpeg');
效果如下图所⽰：
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