Ubuntu16.04⽆损分区⼤⼩调整⼯具Gparted
Ubuntu 16.04⽆损分区⼤⼩调整⼯具Gparted
2018年03⽉13⽇ 16:16:46 阅读数：11868更多
个⼈分类：
安装：
sudo apt-get install gparted
使⽤：
注意：
这款软件可以调整分区⼤⼩，且⽀持⽆损，但是对于/根⽬录的分区⽆法调整，但是它提供ISO⼯具，可以启动后进⾏调整。
当然，还可以使⽤Ubuntu的Live CD进去使⽤这个⼯具，完美解决。
在linux中，当我们给系统添加⼀块新硬盘时，我们是⽆法使⽤的，因为他还没有分区和格式化，只有当我们将新硬盘分区并格式化之后，挂载在某个⽬录下，才能供我们正常使⽤，接下来我们要学习三种硬盘分区⼯具，fdisk，gdisk，parted，分别是针对于MBR分区格式，GPT 分区格式，⾼级分区⼯具（可以针对于上⾯两种进⾏分区，使⽤起来也是⽐较复杂的），关于MBR和GPT请参考
fdisk（MBR）
fdisk
-l /dev/sdX 查看硬盘分区信息
-c （centos6) 打开或禁⽤dos模式
-u (centos6) 切换显⽰的单位(扇区/柱⾯)
-c (centos7) -c=dos -c=nondos
-u (centos7) -u=cylinders -u=sectors
fdisk /dev/sdX 进⾏分区
m 帮助
n 建⽴分区
d 删除分区
p 显⽰分区信息
t 转换分区类型
a 将指定分区设置/取消活动分区
L 查看分区类型
o 重建分区表
v 验证分区表，显⽰剩余没有被分区划分的扇区数量
g 创建GPT格式的分区（centos7)
q 退出不保存，不保存，所有的修改都不⽣效
w 退出并保存
[root@CT6 ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes -------------------------硬盘⼤⼩免费ppt模板下载可爱
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders ------------------------磁头数，每磁道扇区数，柱⾯数
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes --------------------每柱⾯⼤⼩
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes ---------------扇区⼤⼩
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000 -----------------------------------------未分区磁盘
[root@CT6 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb --------------------------磁盘分区
WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x52ce01ab.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): m ------------------------查看帮助
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delet
e a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help):
Command (m for help): n ------------------------------添加⼀个分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p ---------------------------------------------添加主分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 ----------------------------磁盘编号1，即：sdb1
First cylinder (1-65270, default 1): -------------------开始位置，不填写，默认就⾏
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-65270, default 65270): +20G -----------填写⼤⼩
Command (m for help): p --------------------------------查看刚刚的分区
Disk /dev/sdb: 536.9 GB, 536870912000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65270 cylinders
jquery选择器练习题Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x52ce01ab
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/
dev/sdb1 1 2612 20980858+ 83 Linux -----------------创建了⼀个分区
Command (m for help): l ------------------查看可⽤的分区类型
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT1
2 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 8
3 Linux c
4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 8
4 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 8
5 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 42 SFS 8
6 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 8
7 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpa
d hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1
Command (m for help):
Command (m for help): w -----------------------保存并退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
gdisk（GPT）
gdisk
-l /dev/sdX 查看分区信息
gdisk
(?|m) 帮助
n 建⽴分区
d 删除分区
c 更改分区名字
I 显⽰分区的详细信息
p 显⽰分区信息
t转换分区类型
a 将指定分区设置/取消活动分区
l 查看分区类型
o 重建分区表
v 验证分区表，显⽰剩余没有被分区划分的扇区数量
q 退出不保存，不保存，所有的修改都不⽣效
w 退出并保存
gdisk时⽤来创建GPT分区的，我们可以看到，gdisk和fdisk的开头是有些不同的。[root@CT6 ~]# gdisk /dev/sdb
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10
Partition table scan:
MBR: not present
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with corrupt MBR; using GPT and will write new
protective MBR on save.
Command (? for help):
⼀个GPT分区
Command (? for help): o
This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
Proceed? (Y/N): y
centos和ubuntuCommand (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 1048576000 sectors, 500.0 GiB ----------------磁盘⼤⼩，显⽰扇区数
Logical sector size: 512 bytes ---------------------------扇区⼤⼩
Disk identifier (GUID): E072194E-C4DA-449B-9CF9-E5171235E6D3
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 1048575966 -------------------第⼀个有⽤的扇区在34，最后⼀个有⽤的扇区在104857966
怎么删除表格中重复项为什么要安装phpstudyPartitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 1048575933 sectors (500.0 GiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
Command (? for help):
更改磁盘的类型
Command (? for help): t ------------------------------------------更改磁盘类型
Using 1
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM' -------------------------更改为"Linux LVM"
Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 1048576000 sectors, 500.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): E072194E-C4DA-449B-9CF9-E5171235E6D3
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 1048575966
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 838860733 sectors (400.0 GiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 209717247 100.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM ------------------------ 改过了
Command (? for help):
当我们查看磁盘的时候，我们⾸先要看磁盘是那种分区格式的，如果是MBR分区格式，我们最好使⽤f
disk –l，要是为GPT分区格式的硬盘，我们就使⽤gdisk –l来查看。因为fdisk查看GPT格式的磁盘最⼤能看到2T，再多的磁盘分区就⽆法查看，还会出错。
parted(⾼级分区⼯具)
parted命令是由GNU组织开发的⼀款功能强⼤的磁盘分区和分区⼤⼩调整⼯具，与fdisk不同，它⽀持调整分区的⼤⼩。作为⼀种设计⽤于Linux的⼯具，它没有构建成处理与fdisk关联的多种分区类型，但是，它可以处理最常见的分区格式，包括：ext2、ext3、fat16、fat32、NTFS、ReiserFS、JFS、XFS、UFS、HFS以及Linux交换分区。
parted
matlab设置密码的代码-h 显⽰帮助信息
-l 显⽰磁盘信息
-s 脚本模式，不提⽰⽤户
-v 显⽰版本号
[root@CT6 ~]# parted -h
Usage: parted [OPTION]... [DEVICE [COMMAND [PARAMETERS]...]...]
Apply COMMANDs with PARAMETERS to DEVICE. If no COMMAND(s) are given, run in interactive mode.
OPTIONs:
-h, --help displays this help message
-l, --list lists partition layout on all block devices
-m, --machine displays machine parseable output
-s, --script never prompts for user intervention
-v, --version displays the version
-a, --align=[none|cyl|min|opt] alignment for new partitions
COMMANDs:
align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt)
alignment
check NUMBER do a simple check on the file system
cp [FROM-DEVICE] FROM-NUMBER TO-NUMBER copy file system to another partition ... ...
[root@CT6 ~]# parted -l
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 215GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 1075MB 1074MB primary ext4 boot
2 1075MB 54.8GB 53.7GB primary ext4
3 54.8GB 108GB 53.7GB primary ext4
4 108GB 215GB 106GB extended
5 108GB 113GB 4295MB logical linux-swap(v1)
6 113GB 134GB 21.5GB logical
parted /dev/sdX 分区
mklabel label_type 设置分区格式（MBR，GPT）
mkpart part-type [fs-type] start end(单位Mb)设置分区
print 查看分区信息
help [command] 查看命令[command]如何使⽤
rm num 删除⼀个分区
set num flag status 设置flag（boot，root，swap）状态（on，off）
quit 退出
开始分区
[root@CT6 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted)
查看帮助
(parted) help
align-check TYPE N check partition N for TYPE(min|opt) alignment
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