有关MOOC的英文作文-中英对照
第一篇：有关MOOC的英文作文-中英对照
慕课英文写作中英对照
Everyone’s going MOOC-crazy these days.From frequent media coverage of online courses and platforms like Coursera, edX, Udacity, and Udemy to discussions about the complexities and business models of online education, the excitement around MOOCs(Massive Open Online Courses)has finally “bubbled” over.在最近的这些日子里，MOOC 让每个人为之疯狂。在媒体对在线课程及诸如 Coursera, edX, Udacity, Udemy 这些平台的大规模报道，以及关于其复杂性和商业模式的各种讨论之后，围绕 MOOC 的各种兴奋终于归于平静。
The question is not just whether MOOCs are going to disrupt traditional education, but how.Is it just about lower costs and access? Is it really going to be a Napster-like moment with entrenched “Teamsters in tweed” worried about the erosion of their research, publishin
g, and teaching? 但当前的问题已不是 MOOC 是否会颠覆传统教育，而是会如何颠覆传统教育。难道 MOOC 的优势仅在于更低的成本和更便捷的学习渠道？MOOC 真会如某些老顽固所言，侵蚀他们的研究、出版和教学活动，造就诸如当年Napster颠覆音乐行业的时刻？ This is where we can leave the realm of hype and commentary to draw on our own years of research into disruption theory.Because the curious thing about the MOOC wave of disruption is that the market leaders — not just upstarts from the edges — are the ones pioneering it.And that rarely happens.在关于 MOOC 的各种炒作和评论之外，我们得以分享我们自己就颠覆性创新的多年研究。因为，这一波由 MOOC 掀起的颠覆式浪潮中有一点足让人好奇，即那些处于市场中心的 既得利益者，而不仅仅是那些处于市场边缘的创业团队，在率先引导（制造）这样一个变革，而这种情况，此前很少发生。
But First: Are MOOCs Really ‘Disruptive’? Yes, the word “disrupt” is overused.But it has a specific meaning when we’re talking about it.And MOOCs do bear the early hallmarks of a disruptive innovation: 首先，MOOC果真在“颠覆”吗？
没错，“颠覆”这个词已经被用烂了。不过，这个被用烂的词背后实际有其指代，我们说 MOOC 是颠覆式的，也确实名正言顺，原因有三：
Serves non-consumers.MOOCs are limited in the services they provide compared to traditional colleges, yet at the same time they are free and more accessible — which allows them to serve those who couldn’t otherwise access traditional higher education.Similarly, Toyota’s early cars didn’t match the reliability of Detroit’s automobiles.But they were more affordable and convenient, so the company first served people(“non-consumers”)for whom the alternative was, quite literally, nothing.1.非目标客户终于被包括进来：跟传统高校的服务相比，MOOC 确有很多不足之处。但与此同时，MOOC 的各类课程却是免费的，而且也更容易获取——这就使得它们可以辐射到那些原本无福消受高等教育的一大用户。举个类似的例子，丰田早期的汽车就没有底特律各大公司产的可靠性那么强，但因为丰田的车子更便宜也更方便，所以这家公司第一次让那些非目标客户变成了目标客户——对这部分用户来说，几乎不存在其他公司提供的可行方案。Marches upmarket.Instead of serving the same customers at the outset or competing head-on with established products, disruptive innovations improve over time to march upmarket.Eventually the quality becomes just good enough for the established customers to flock to it.It’s worth noting that the upmarket march is enabled by some key technology —
such as bandwidth, video quality, online sharing tools, etc.— which is why MOOCs may now be having their moment, even though they’ve been around for years.2.逐渐向中高端市场挺进：颠覆性创新往往不是一开始上来就跟既得利益者抢客户、与其正面较量，而是随着时间的推进不断优化，逐渐挺进中高端市场。但最终，颠覆性产品的性能会达到足够好，让市场中既有的客户乖乖奔向他们。不过需要注意的一点是，实现上述这种情况往往有赖于某些核心技术的成熟——比如说带宽、视频质量、在线分享工具的保障等——这些都是 MOOC 现在崛起的原因，尽管它们已经存在了数年。
Redefines quality.Eventually, the disruptive innovation changes the very definition of quality in a marketplace.In the current university system, for example, most faculty are rewarded for the quality of their research — not for the quality of their teaching.But the medium and scale changes things;in the future, courses might be offered based on employer demand, not faculty research interests.MOOCs are already evolving in some ways away from traditional educational constraints: Udacity’s courses, for example, have shifted from a time-controlled to a morecompetency-based learning model that takes advantage of the online medium.3.重新定义什么叫好：最终，颠覆性创新会改变整个市场
transform英文对于“品质”的定义。在现有的大学体系下，举个例子，大部分教师的评级标准都是基于他们的学术研究质量——而非他们的教学质量。但是，互联网媒介和规模化将开启新的变革。在未来，提供哪些课程将取决于雇主（这里指付费的学生），而非教师的研究兴趣。目前，MOOC 已经在几个方向上摆脱传统教育束缚逐渐演变：举个例子，Udacity 的课程就开始发挥在线媒介的优势，从一个基于时间控制的学习模式转向一个基于个人能力的学习模式（按学生的掌握情况而非简单地依照学时推进课程）。

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