表示“需要”(v)的单词:need, require, involve ,entail
表示“意味着”的单词:mean, involve, entail
表示“宿舍”的单词:dormitory, quarters, lodgings
表示“住宿”的单词:accommodations, (a)lodging
表示“欺骗”(v)的单词:cheat, deceive, trick, fool
表示“渴望”(v)的单词和词组:desire, yearn for/after, long for, thirst for,aspire to do sth, look forward to doing sth, keen on/about doing sth, keen to do sth, keen that, have an urge to do sth (具有做某事的强烈欲望,非常想做某事,形容极度渴望)
表示“同情”(v)的词组:sympathize with, yearn for, feel sympathy for
表示“重要的”的单词:important, crucial, vital, essential, integral, indispensable, significant
表示“参加,从事”的词组:take part in, join(in),participate in, involve sb in(主动, 其被动形式为sb be involved in), sb be engaged in=sb be employed in
表示“能力”的单词:ability和capability(主要用于人)talent(只用于人), competence, capacity(可用于人或物), faculty
表示“想象”(v)的单词和词组:imagine, fancy, fantasy,envisage(英)=envision(美) conceive of 表示“包含(v)”的单词和词组:include, involve, comprehend, inclusive of, embrace, embody, comprise, contain(实际包含的量),encompass
表示“能容纳”的词组:can hold/accommodate
表示“表现,体现”(v)的单词:render, reflect, display, indicate, manifest, embody
表示“导致,引起(v)”的单词和词组:render, entail, lead to, result in, bring about, cause, trigger=prompt(诱发),pose(本义为造成问题或危机)
表示“强大的,强有力的”的单词和词组:powerful, mighty, potent, strong
表示“(感觉等)敏锐的,灵敏的”的单词:keen, acute(首选这两个词)perceptive
表示“提供”的单词和词组:provide/supply sb with sth=provide/supply sth for sb=render/offer
sb sth, contribute sth to sth
表示“忙于……,埋头于……”的单词和词组:be buried in, be employed in, be engaged in, sb be immersed in=immerse oneself in
表示“致力于”的词组:devote oneself to =dedicate oneself to,
sb be devoted to=sb be dedicated to
表示“表现,体现”(v)的单词:render, reflect, manifest, characterize
表示“显示,表明”(v)的单词:show, suggest, indicate, reflect, reveal,(首选这三个词)emerge 表示“证明”(v)的单词:validate, demonstrate, verify, confirm,prove
表示“证实(v)”的单词:affirm,confirm, prove
表示“说明,阐释(v)”的单词:explain, illustrate, elaborate
表示“持续不断的”的单词:continual,continuous, incessant
表示“(计划,规定等)被实施,生效”的词组有come into effect/force, be implemented, be put into effect/execution, be carried into execution=be put in/into execution
表示“意识到+从句”的词组:know+that从句realize+that从句be/become aware of the fact+ that从句be conscious+that 从句
表示“阻止,阻碍”(v)的单词或词组:prevent/inhibit/hinder sb from doing sth, impede sb to do sth, hamper sb in doing sth
表示“强烈的,剧烈的”的单词:severe, intense, violent, poignant, acute,keen
表示“严重的”的单词:serious, severe, acute, grave
表示“着名的,闻名的”的单词:famous(一般用于褒义),eminent,
distinguished,(well-)known(褒贬均可),renowned, famed, conspicuous
表示“臭名昭着的”的单词:notorious, infamous
表示“显着的,引人注目的”的单词:remarkable, conspicuous, significant(首选这三个词)distinguished, noticeable, outstanding, striking
表示“枯燥乏味的,沉闷的”的单词:dull, boring, tedious, dreary, monotonous
表示“有利于,有助于”的词组:contribute to=be good for=be beneficial/conducive to
表示“限制”(n)的单词:bound, limit, limitation, restriction, confine, constraint
表示“限制”(v)的单词: limit, restrict, confine, constrain
表示“易传染的,传染性的”的单词:contagious, infectious
表示“(表意,言辞等)不明确的,模糊的,模棱两可的”的单词:ambiguous, implicit, vague, obscure, indefinite,unclear
表示“区分A和B”的词组:distinguish A from/and B, discriminate/differentiate between A
and B, discriminate A from B,make a distinction between A and B
表示“赋予……特征”的单词:distinguish, feature, characterize
表示“象征(v)”的单词: symbolize, represent(有“表示”的意思), embody(有“蕴含”的意思)
表示“消化,吸收(v)”的单词:digest, absorb, assimilate
表示“帮助”(v)的词组:assist sb in doing sth=help/assist sb to do sth
表示“面对”的单词:face, confront(首选), envisage
表示“面对……”的词组:face /confront/envisage sth= be faced/confronted with sth
表示“……圈,……界”的单词:arena, sphere, circle, realm
表示“法律,法规”的单词:regulation, law, legislation
表示“调整,调节”(n)的单词:adjustment, regulation, conditioning, modulation
表示“使某人自己适应某物/做某事”的词组:adjust/ adapt/accustom/condition oneself to
sth/doing sth=adjust/adapt oneself to sth/doing sth (以上强调从不适应或习惯变为适应或
习惯的过程) sb be used/accustomed to sth/doing sth.(强调状态)
表示“(在法律,道德等层面上)义务性的,强制性的,(课程等)必修的”的单词:obligatory, compulsory, mandatory
表示“决定……”的词组:be determined/resolved to do sth=determine/resolve to do sth, determine/resolve that…= be determined/resolved that…, decide to do sth, decide that…表示“建议,
主张”(v)的单词:suggest, recommend, advocate, propose, urge(极力主张)
表示“主张(n)”的单词:advocacy, proposal, proposition
表示“支持者,拥护者”的单词:supporter, proponent, advocate, protagonist
表示“主要的”的单词:main, major, principal, primary
表示“变化,改变”(v)的单词和词组:change, vary, alter, modify, transform, convert, turn, metamorphose, transmute,
Change / convert/transform/ turn/alter A into B
表示“变化,改变(n)”的单词:alteration, change, modification, conversion, metamorphosis
(彻底改变),transmutation(转变为具有一种与原来完全不同的状态或形式的事物)transformation(变为与原事物完全不同的事物)
表示“变更计划”时用alter/alteration, 表示“修订(书籍等)时”用revise/ revision
(如the 5th edition——completely revised!)
表示“衣橱”的单词:closet, dresser, wardrobe
表示“阻碍,阻止”(v)的单词:prevent, impede, inhibit, hinder, obstruct, bar
表示“微生物”的单词:microorganism, microbe
表示“细菌”的单词:germ(病菌), bacteria
表示“修改”(v)的单词:modify, adapt, revise(修改文章, 修订书籍等) correct(改正/更正错误), alter
表示“忠诚的,真诚的,真挚的”的单词:loyal, faithful, sincere, devoted,earnest
表示“忠诚(n)”的单词:loyalty, devotion, sincerity, faithfulness, allegiance
表示“选择”(n)的单词:choice, alternative, option
表示“替代品”的单词:alternative, substitution, substitute
表示“后面的”的单词:hinder, back, rear
表示“养老院,敬老院”的单词和词组:gerocomium, geracomium(both are not available
in paper dictionaries at present), old people’s home, home for the elderly/aged, seniors’home, nursing home
表示“太平间”的单词和词组:morgue, mortuary, dead room
表示“专门地,有针对性地”:specially(特地,专门地)specifically(首选), exclusively (专门地,只限于)
表示“不同,差异”的单词:difference, distinction, variation(change or slight difference)
表示“爱好,喜好”的单词:hobby, fancy, preference
表示“隔离”(v)的单词:separate, isolate, insulate, segregate, quarantine
表示“合理的”的单词:reasonable, satisfactory, decent (首选这三个词),rational, logical
表示“正直的”的单词:righteous, decent(首选这两个词), honest
表示“正直(n)”的单词:integrity, righteousness, (首选这两个词) honesty
表示“vt&vi 注册,登记”的单词:register, enroll(=enrol)
表示“鼓舞(n)”的单词:encouragement, incentive, stimulation
表示“刺激,激励(n)”的单词:incentive, stimulation, stimulus
表示“符号,标志”的单词:symbol, icon, mark, sign, notation
表示“目标”的单词:object, objective, aim, goal
表示“目的”的单词:object, objective, aim, purpose
表示“A在B之前”的词组:  A be prior/preliminary to B, A be before B, A precedes B
表示“完整的,完全的”的单词:intact, complete, prefect
表示“渺小的,微不足道的”的单词:tiny, negligible, insi gnificant(g不发音),minute
表示“深入的,彻底的”的单词:in-depth, thorough, intensive, exhaustive
表示“详尽的”的单词或词组:elaborate, at large, in (minute)detail, detailed, comprehensive, minute, exhaustive(极其详尽的,详尽无遗的)
表示“过时的”的单词:outdated, outmoded, obsolete, old-fashioned
表示“A与B有关”的词组:  A be related/relevant to B, A concerns B,
A relates/pertains to B
表示“A 与B一致/相符”的词组:  A be in accord/accordance/agreement with B, A be corresponding to, A corresponds to B, A be in correspondence to B
表示“影响(n&v)”的单词:affect(过程,vt, -), effect(结果,n,+-均可), influence(n&vt, +-
均可),impact(结果,u&vt, +-均可)( +-分别表示“积极的”和“消极的”)
表示“足够的”的单词:adequate, ample, sufficient, enough
表示“同情(n)”的单词:sympathy, compassion(比pity更正式), pity
表示“冷淡的,冷漠的”的单词:indifferent, apathetic, dispassionate
表示“激怒(v)”的单词:anger, annoy(惹恼), irritate, aggravate, infuriate(使狂怒)
表示“(使)恶化(v)”的单词和词组:get/become worse, worsen, aggravate(vt), deteriorate(vi)
表示“惩罚(v)”的单词: punish, penalize
表示“惩罚(n)”的单词: punishment, penalty
表示“忏悔(v)”的单词:repent, confess
表示“忏悔(n)”的单词: penitence, repentance, confession
表示“倾向于(做)……,容易(做)……”的词组:be prone/inclined(均为adj) to (do) sth, tend(vi) to do sth
表示“易受……影响的”:be suscep tible/vulnerable to (doing) sth
表示“易受……的伤害的,易患……疾病的”:be susceptible/vulnerable to (do) sth,
be prone to (do) sth
表示“(证据)确凿的”的单词:conclusive(absolutely true), concrete(definite and specific),
Solid(reliable and based on facts)
表示“保证,担保(v)”的单词:assure, ensure, guarantee
表示“节奏,步调”的单词:rhythm, pace, tempo
表示“观念,意识”的单词:conception, awareness(偏重“意识”)
【表示“观念”用conception,表示“意识”用conception或awareness均可】
表示“认识(n)”的单词:conception,perception,understanding, view
表示“理解,看法(n)”的单词:understanding(偏重“理解,认识”(n)), perception, perspective, view, notion
表示“洞察力”的单词:insight, perspective, perception(均不可数)
表示“提升,加强(vt)”的单词:improve, enhance, increase, heighten, raise
如:improve/enhance/increase /heighten /raise awareness
表示“敏锐的”的单词:acute, keen ,perceptive
表示“视野(n)”的单词:vision, horizon, perspective(本义为“视角, 角度”=point of view)view
表示“拓宽,扩大(v)”的单词:expand, broaden, widen, enlarge
表示“促使(v)”的动词:prompt, drive(多用于不好的情况), induce
表示“例如”的词组(用于句首):For example/instance, To illustrate=To be specific
表示“风景名胜”的词组:place of interest, tourist destination/attraction,
scenic spot/attraction
表示“拓展视野”的词组:broaden/widen/expand/enlarge one’s vision/horizon/perspective
表示“发出信号”的词组:send (out) a signal, emit a signal
表示“散发气味”的词组:give off/ release/ emit    a specific kind of smell
表示“散发光或热”的词组:radiate/ emit/ give off/ send out light/ heat
表示“释放(排放)气体”的词组:release/ emit/ give off gases
表示“发出警报声”的词组:emit/ send out/ produce an alarming sound
transform和convert的区别表示“增强某物的强度,加剧”的单词:intensify(vi&vt) (好坏均可) ,amplify(vt)(好坏均可),escalate(vi&vt, 坏), deteriorate(vi, 坏), aggravate(vt, 坏)

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