2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国财政科学研究院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
Boris Yeltsin, Russia’s ______ president, died. His funeral in Moscow was attended by a bevy of world leaders past and present.
问题1选项
A.prior
B.past
C.former
D.late
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：俄罗斯______总统鲍里斯•叶利钦去世。C选项former president“前任总统”为固定搭配，其余选项非固定搭配也不符合句意。因此C选项正确。
2.
单选题
The fact is that motherhood makes the heaviest demands in _______ the areas of least experience.
问题1选项
A.that it might be called
B.what might be called
C.which might be called
D.it might be called
【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。根据in可知横线部分是宾语从句，根据横线后面判断宾语从句缺主语。A选项中that不做主语，故A选项错误。D选项构成完整句子，不符合从句结构，故错误。C选项which表示“哪一个”，不符合句意，故错误。B选项中what指areas of least experience“经验最少的领域”，是从句主语，符合题意。句意：事实是，当母亲在所谓不需要经验的领域里有最高的要求。因此B选项正确。
3.
翻译题
46. 当有人对我说，他们喜爱动物是因为动物有感情，然后又虐待动物，我就对他们说， 幸亏他们不喜欢我。(4 points)
47. 贫困国家转变富裕国家靠的是投资开发自然资源，并借助教育和技术的转移项目提 高人力资源和技术资源。(5 points)
48. 有一些人，他们之所以关心经济发展，或是因为他们认为发展经济是发展中国家人 民需要实现的目标，或是因为他们认为只有经济增长率达到令人满意的程度才能保证政治稳定。(5 points)
49. 失去理想是人们可能会犯的一个重大错误，这就是为什么我们应该奋力向前并且相 信我们自己，无论选定的目标看起来多么遥不可及，我们都应争取实现。(6 points)
【答案】46. When people tell me that they love animals because animals have feelings, but torture them, I tell them it’s a good thing they don’t like me.
47. The transition from poor to rich countries is achieved by investment in the development of natural resources and the promotion human and technological resources through education and technology transfer projects.
48. There are those who are concerned about economic development, either becau
se they believe that economic development is a goal that people in developing countries need to achieve, or because they believe that political stability can be ensured only if the economic growth rate reaches a satisfactory level.
49. Losing our ideals is a big mistake people can make, which is why we should push forward and believe in ourselves. No matter how reachless the chosen goal may seem, we should strive to achieve it.
4.
单选题
The ______ of gifted children into accelerated classes will start next week according to their academic performance.
问题1选项
A.segregation
B.specification
C.spectrum
D.subscription
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项segregation“分离”；B选项specification“规格；详述”；C选项spectrum“光谱；频谱；范围；余象”；D选项subscription“捐献；订阅；订金”。句意：天才儿童将根据他们的学习成绩于下周开始______。根据语境，这里应该指将学生进行分班，A选项segregation“分离”符合题意。因此A选项正确。
5.
单选题
Though sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has a more avid fondness for the limelight.
问题1选项
A.mercurial
B.gallant
C.ardent
D.frugal
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项mercurial“多变的；活泼的；机智的”；B选项gallant“英勇的”；C选项ardent“热烈的”；D选项frugal“节俭的”。句意：虽然琳达有时太懒，不像她的妹们那样努力工作，但她对引人注目更热烈地喜欢。根据语境，C选项ardent“热烈的”搭配fondness“喜好”比较合理，和avid“热衷的”同义，符合题意。因此C选项正确。
6.
单选题
The early years of the United States government were characterized by a debate concerning ______ or individual states should have more power.
问题1选项
A.whether the federal government
B.either the federal government
C.that the federal government
D.the federal government
【答案】A
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：美国政府早期的特点是一场关于是联邦政府还是州政府应该拥有更多权力的辩论。根据题目划分句子成分可知，concerning到句子结尾是修饰debate的后置定语，横线到句子结尾是修饰concerning的状语从句；either…or“或者……或者……”，whether…or…“是……还是……”，结合语境A选项whether the feder
al government符合题意。因此A选项正确。
7.
单选题
Sometimes ______ to place physics and chemistry into separate categories.
问题1选项
A.that is difficult
B.is difficult
C.it is difficult
D.that is difficult
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：有时很难把物理和化学分成不同类别。It is difficult to do sth.意为“做某事很困难”，所以C选项it is difficult符合题意。因此C选项正确。
8.
单选题
transition用法搭配 It is one of the ironies of Western man that he has never felt ______ invention as a threat to his way of life.
问题1选项
A.any concern with
B.any concern about
C.any concern in
D.any concern at
【答案】B
【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项concern with“关心，挂念”；B选项concern about“担心”；C选项concern in“涉及；与……有关”；D选项concern at非固定搭配。句意：讽刺的是，西方人从来没有______发明对他们生活方式构成威胁。根据语境，concern about“担心”搭配threat“威胁”比较合理，意指西方人不会担心发明给生活造成威胁，符合题意。因此B选项正确。
9.
单选题
These early clocks, operated by weights, were not particularly accurate, and it was not until the sixteenth century ______.
问题1选项
A.any great reliability attained it
B.then attained any great reliability
C.that any great reliability was attained
D.when any great reliability attained
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句型。It is not until…that…“直到……才”，所以C选项“that any great reliability was attained”符合题意。句意：这些早期的钟通过砝码运行，并不是特别准确，直到16世纪才准确。其余选项不符合语法，故错误。因此C选项正确。
10.
单选题
You have nothing to _______ by refusing to listen to our advice.
问题1选项
A.gain
B.grasp

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