applicationxml和textxml的区别
application/xml and text/xml的区别
经常看到有关xml时提到"application/xml" 和 "text/xml"两种类型，⼆者功能⼀模⼀样，唯⼀的区别就是编码格式，text/xml忽略xml头所指定编码格式⽽默认采⽤us-ascii 编码，⽽application/xml会根据xml头指定的编码格式来编码：
XML has two MIME types,application/xml and text/xml . These are often used interchangeably, but there is a subtle difference which is why application/xml is generally recommended over the latter.
Let me explain why: according to the standard, text/* -MIME types have a us-ascii character set unless otherwise specified in the HTTP headers. This effectively means that any encoding defined in the XML prolog (e.g. <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”UTF-8”?>) is ignored. This is of course not the expected and desired behaviour.
To further complicate matters, most/all browser implementations actually implement nonstandard behaviour for text/xml because they process the encoding as if it were application/xml .
So, text/* has encoding issues, and is not implemented by browsers in a standards-compliant manner,
which is why using application/* is recommended.
关键字: text/xml application/xml
网络上xml是什么意思对于Webservice的应⽤来说，我们通常都是⽤UTF-8进⾏⽹络传输，但也有通过GBK和GB2312传输的情况，但是在我们Webservice的代码实现中，其实是不⽤关⼼具体的传输编码的，因为根据RFC2376的定义，Webservice的引擎（axis，cxf，jaxws..）会根据⽂件传输的ContentType及XML 声明部分定义的编码⾃动将⽹络传输过来的内容（字符串）转换成unicode（jvm运⾏时的字符串都是以unicode形式存在的）。以下是RFC2376的描述：
例⼦1：
webservice传输的⽂件
Xml代码
1. Content-type: application/xml; charset="utf-16"
2.  {BOM}<?xml version="1.0"?>
Xml代码
1. Content-type: application/xml; charset="utf-16"
2.  {BOM}<?xml version="1.0"?>
XML and MIME processors会按照utf-16编码处理该⽂件
例⼦2：
webservice传输的⽂件
Xml代码
1. Content-type: application/xml
2.    <?xml version='1.0'?>
Xml代码
1. Content-type: application/xml
2.    <?xml version='1.0'?>
XML processors会按照utf-8编码处理该⽂件
例⼦3：
webservice传输的⽂件
Xml代码
1. Content-type: application/xml
2.    <?xml version='1.0' encoding="ISO-10646-UCS-4"?>  Xml代码
1. Content-type: application/xml
2.    <?xml version='1.0' encoding="ISO-10646-UCS-4"?>  XML processors会按照UCS-4编码处理该⽂件
例⼦4：
webservice传输的⽂件
Xml代码
1. Content-type: text/xml
2.    {BOM}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
Xml代码
1. Content-type: text/xml
2.    {BOM}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
XML processors会按照us-ascii，⽽不是utf-16编码处理该⽂件参考⽂档：

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